Return the absolute value of {expr}. When {expr} evaluates to a |Float| abs() returns a |Float|. When {expr} can be converted to a |Number| abs() returns a |Number|. Otherwise abs() gives an error message and returns -1. Examples: echo abs(1.456) 1.456 echo abs(-5.456) 5.456 echo abs(-4) 4 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->abs() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the arc cosine of {expr} measured in radians, as a |Float| in the range of [0, pi]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number| in the range [-1, 1]. Examples: :echo acos(0) 1.570796 :echo acos(-0.5) 2.094395 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->acos() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Append the item {expr} to |List| or |Blob| {object}. Returns the resulting |List| or |Blob|. Examples: :let alist = add([1, 2, 3], item) :call add(mylist, "woodstock") Note that when {expr} is a |List| it is appended as a single item. Use |extend()| to concatenate |Lists|. When {object} is a |Blob| then {expr} must be a number. Use |insert()| to add an item at another position. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->add(val1)->add(val2)

Bitwise AND on the two arguments. The arguments are converted to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. Example: :let flag = and(bits, 0x80) Can also be used as a |method|: :let flag = bits->and(0x80)

When {text} is a |List|: Append each item of the |List| as a text line below line {lnum} in the current buffer. Otherwise append {text} as one text line below line {lnum} in the current buffer. Any type of item is accepted and converted to a String. {lnum} can be zero to insert a line before the first one. Returns 1 for failure ({lnum} out of range or out of memory), 0 for success. Example: :let failed = append(line('$'), "# THE END") :let failed = append(0, ["Chapter 1", "the beginning"]) Can also be used as a |method| after a List, the base is passed as the second argument: mylist->append(lnum)

Like |append()| but append the text in buffer {expr}. This function works only for loaded buffers. First call |bufload()| if needed. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()|. {lnum} is used like with |append()|. Note that using |line()| would use the current buffer, not the one appending to. Use "$" to append at the end of the buffer. On success 0 is returned, on failure 1 is returned. If {expr} is not a valid buffer or {lnum} is not valid, an error message is given. Example: :let failed = appendbufline(13, 0, "# THE START") Can also be used as a |method| after a List, the base is passed as the second argument: mylist->appendbufline(buf, lnum)

The result is the number of files in the argument list. See |arglist|. If {winid} is not supplied, the argument list of the current window is used. If {winid} is -1, the global argument list is used. Otherwise {winid} specifies the window of which the argument list is used: either the window number or the window ID. Returns -1 if the {winid} argument is invalid.

The result is the current index in the argument list. 0 is the first file. argc() - 1 is the last one. See |arglist|.

Return the argument list ID. This is a number which identifies the argument list being used. Zero is used for the global argument list. See |arglist|. Returns -1 if the arguments are invalid. Without arguments use the current window. With {winnr} only use this window in the current tab page. With {winnr} and {tabnr} use the window in the specified tab page. {winnr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|.

The result is the {nr}th file in the argument list. See |arglist|. "argv(0)" is the first one. Example: :let i = 0 :while i < argc() : let f = escape(fnameescape(argv(i)), '.') : exe 'amenu Arg.' . f . ' :e ' . f . '' : let i = i + 1 :endwhile Without the {nr} argument, or when {nr} is -1, a |List| with the whole |arglist| is returned. The {winid} argument specifies the window ID, see |argc()|. For the Vim command line arguments see |v:argv|.

Return the arc sine of {expr} measured in radians, as a |Float| in the range of [-pi/2, pi/2]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number| in the range [-1, 1]. Examples: :echo asin(0.8) 0.927295 :echo asin(-0.5) -0.523599 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->asin() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Assert if x is Position by raising an AssertError when it's not.

Assert if x is ScreenPos by raising an AssertError when it's not.

Return the principal value of the arc tangent of {expr}, in the range [-pi/2, +pi/2] radians, as a |Float|. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo atan(100) 1.560797 :echo atan(-4.01) -1.326405 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->atan() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the arc tangent of {expr1} / {expr2}, measured in radians, as a |Float| in the range [-pi, pi]. {expr1} and {expr2} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo atan2(-1, 1) -0.785398 :echo atan2(1, -1) 2.356194 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->atan(1) {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Put up a file requester. This only works when "has("browse")" returns |TRUE| (only in some GUI versions). The input fields are: {save} when |TRUE|, select file to write {title} title for the requester {initdir} directory to start browsing in {default} default file name An empty string is returned when the "Cancel" button is hit, something went wrong, or browsing is not possible.

Put up a directory requester. This only works when "has("browse")" returns |TRUE| (only in some GUI versions). On systems where a directory browser is not supported a file browser is used. In that case: select a file in the directory to be used. The input fields are: {title} title for the requester {initdir} directory to start browsing in When the "Cancel" button is hit, something went wrong, or browsing is not possible, an empty string is returned.

Add a buffer to the buffer list with {name}. If a buffer for file {name} already exists, return that buffer number. Otherwise return the buffer number of the newly created buffer. When {name} is an empty string then a new buffer is always created. The buffer will not have' 'buflisted' set.

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| if a buffer called {expr} exists. If the {expr} argument is a number, buffer numbers are used. Number zero is the alternate buffer for the current window.

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| if a buffer called {expr} exists and is listed (has the 'buflisted' option set). The {expr} argument is used like with |bufexists()|.

Ensure the buffer {expr} is loaded. When the buffer name refers to an existing file then the file is read. Otherwise the buffer will be empty. If the buffer was already loaded then there is no change. If there is an existing swap file for the file of the buffer, there will be no dialog, the buffer will be loaded anyway. The {expr} argument is used like with |bufexists()|.

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| if a buffer called {expr} exists and is loaded (shown in a window or hidden). The {expr} argument is used like with |bufexists()|.

The result is the name of a buffer, as it is displayed by the ":ls" command. If {expr} is omitted the current buffer is used. If {expr} is a Number, that buffer number's name is given. Number zero is the alternate buffer for the current window. If {expr} is a String, it is used as a |file-pattern| to match with the buffer names. This is always done like 'magic' is set and 'cpoptions' is empty. When there is more than one match an empty string is returned. "" or "%" can be used for the current buffer, "#" for the alternate buffer. A full match is preferred, otherwise a match at the start, end or middle of the buffer name is accepted. If you only want a full match then put "^" at the start and "$" at the end of the pattern. Listed buffers are found first. If there is a single match with a listed buffer, that one is returned. Next unlisted buffers are searched for. If the {expr} is a String, but you want to use it as a buffer number, force it to be a Number by adding zero to it: > :echo bufname("3" + 0) If the buffer doesn't exist, or doesn't have a name, an empty string is returned. bufname("#") alternate buffer name bufname(3) name of buffer 3 bufname("%") name of current buffer bufname("file2") name of buffer where "file2" matches.

The result is the number of a buffer, as it is displayed by the ":ls" command. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. If the buffer doesn't exist, -1 is returned. Or, if the {create} argument is present and not zero, a new, unlisted, buffer is created and its number is returned. bufnr("$") is the last buffer: :let last_buffer = bufnr("$") The result is a Number, which is the highest buffer number of existing buffers. Note that not all buffers with a smaller number necessarily exist, because ":bwipeout" may have removed them. Use bufexists() to test for the existence of a buffer.

The result is a Number, which is the |window-ID| of the first window associated with buffer {expr}. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. If buffer {expr} doesn't exist or there is no such window, -1 is returned. Example: >

The result is a Number, which is the number of the first window associated with buffer {expr}. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. If buffer {expr} doesn't exist or there is no such window, -1 is returned. Example: >

Return the line number that contains the character at byte count {byte} in the current buffer. This includes the end-of-line character, depending on the 'fileformat' option for the current buffer. The first character has byte count one. Also see |line2byte()|, |go| and |:goto|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetOffset()->byte2line() {not available when compiled without the |+byte_offset| feature}

Return byte index of the {nr}'th character in the string {expr}. Use zero for the first character, it then returns zero. If there are no multibyte characters the returned value is equal to {nr}. Composing characters are not counted separately, their byte length is added to the preceding base character. See |byteidxcomp()| below for counting composing characters separately. Example : echo matchstr(str, ".", byteidx(str, 3)) will display the fourth character. Another way to do the same: let s = strpart(str, byteidx(str, 3)) echo strpart(s, 0, byteidx(s, 1)) Also see |strgetchar()| and |strcharpart()|. If there are less than {nr} characters -1 is returned. If there are exactly {nr} characters the length of the string in bytes is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->byteidx(idx)

Like byteidx(), except that a composing character is counted as a separate character. Example: let s = 'e' . nr2char(0x301) echo byteidx(s, 1) echo byteidxcomp(s, 1) echo byteidxcomp(s, 2) The first and third echo result in 3 ('e' plus composing character is 3 bytes), the second echo results in 1 ('e' is one byte). Only works differently from byteidx() when 'encoding' is set to a Unicode encoding. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->byteidxcomp(idx)

Call function {func} with the items in |List| {arglist} as arguments. {func} can either be a |Funcref| or the name of a function. a:firstline and a:lastline are set to the cursor line. Returns the return value of the called function. {dict} is for functions with the "dict" attribute. It will be used to set the local variable "self". |Dictionary-function| Can also be used as a |method|: GetFunc()->call([arg, arg], dict)

Return the smallest integral value greater than or equal to {expr} as a |Float| (round up). {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: echo ceil(1.456) 2.0 echo ceil(-5.456) -5.0 echo ceil(4.0) 4.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->ceil() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the number of the most recent change. This is the same number as what is displayed with |:undolist| and can be used with the |:undo| command. When a change was made it is the number of that change. After redo it is the number of the redone change. After undo it is one less than the number of the undone change.

Return number value of the first char in {expr}. Examples: char2nr(" ") returns 32 char2nr("ABC") returns 65 When {utf8} is omitted or zero, the current 'encoding' is used. Example for "utf-8": char2nr("á") returns 225 char2nr("á"[0]) returns 195 With {utf8} set to TRUE, always treat as utf-8 characters. A combining character is a separate character. |nr2char()| does the opposite. To turn a string into a list of character numbers: let str = "ABC" let list = map(split(str, '\zs'), {_, val -> char2nr(val)}) Result: [65, 66, 67] Can also be used as a |method|: GetChar()->char2nr()

Return the character index of the byte at {idx} in {string}. The index of the first character is zero. If there are no multibyte characters the returned value is equal to {idx}. When {countcc} is omitted or zero, then composing characters are not counted separately, their byte length is added to the preceding base character. When {countcc} is set to 1, then composing characters are counted as separate characters. Returns -1 if the arguments are invalid or if {idx} is greater than the index of the last byte in {string}. An error is given if the first argument is not a string, the second argument is not a number or when the third argument is present and is not zero or one. See |byteidx()| and |byteidxcomp()| for getting the byte index from the character index. Examples: echo charidx('áb́ć', 3) returns 1 echo charidx('áb́ć', 6, 1) returns 4 echo charidx('áb́ć', 16) returns -1 Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->charidx(idx)

Get the amount of indent for line {lnum} according the C indenting rules, as with 'cindent'. The indent is counted in spaces, the value of 'tabstop' is relevant. {lnum} is used just like in |getline()|. When {lnum} is invalid or Vim was not compiled the |+cindent| feature, -1 is returned. See |C-indenting|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->cindent()

Clears all matches previously defined for the current window by |matchadd()| and the |:match| commands. If {win} is specified, use the window with this number or window ID instead of the current window. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWin()->clearmatches()

The result is a Number, which is the byte index of the column position given with {expr}. The accepted positions are: . the cursor position $ the end of the cursor line (the result is the number of bytes in the cursor line plus one) 'x position of mark x (if the mark is not set, 0 is returned) v In Visual mode: the start of the Visual area (the cursor is the end). When not in Visual mode returns the cursor position. Differs from |'<| in that it's updated right away. Additionally {expr} can be [lnum, col]: a |List| with the line and column number. Most useful when the column is "$", to get the last column of a specific line. When "lnum" or "col" is out of range then col() returns zero. To get the line number use |line()|. To get both use |getpos()|. For the screen column position use |virtcol()|. Note that only marks in the current file can be used. Examples: col(".") column of cursor col("$") length of cursor line plus one col("'t") column of mark t col("'" . markname) column of mark markname The first column is 1. 0 is returned for an error. For an uppercase mark the column may actually be in another buffer. For the cursor position, when 'virtualedit' is active, the column is one higher if the cursor is after the end of the line. This can be used to obtain the column in Insert mode: :imap :let save_ve = &ve<CR <C-O>:set ve=all<CR <C-O>:echo col(".") . "\n" <Bar \let &ve = save_ve<CR GetPos()->col()

Set the matches for Insert mode completion. Can only be used in Insert mode. You need to use a mapping with CTRL-R = (see |i_CTRL-R|). It does not work after CTRL-O or with an expression mapping. {startcol} is the byte offset in the line where the completed text start. The text up to the cursor is the original text that will be replaced by the matches. Use col('.') for an empty string. "col('.') - 1" will replace one character by a match. {matches} must be a |List|. Each |List| item is one match. See |complete-items| for the kind of items that are possible. Note that the after calling this function you need to avoid inserting anything that would cause completion to stop. The match can be selected with CTRL-N and CTRL-P as usual with Insert mode completion. The popup menu will appear if specified, see |ins-completion-menu|. Example: inoremap =ListMonths()<CR func! ListMonths() call complete(col('.'), ['January', 'February', 'March', \ 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', \ 'October', 'November', 'December']) return '' endfunc This isn't very useful, but it shows how it works. Note that an empty string is returned to avoid a zero being inserted. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetMatches()->complete(col('.'))

Add {expr} to the list of matches. Only to be used by the function specified with the 'completefunc' option. Returns 0 for failure (empty string or out of memory), 1 when the match was added, 2 when the match was already in the list. See |complete-functions| for an explanation of {expr}. It is the same as one item in the list that 'omnifunc' would return. Can also be used as a |method|: GetMoreMatches()->complete_add()

Check for a key typed while looking for completion matches. This is to be used when looking for matches takes some time. Returns |TRUE| when searching for matches is to be aborted, zero otherwise. Only to be used by the function specified with the 'completefunc' option.

Returns a |Dictionary| with information about Insert mode completion. See |ins-completion|. The items are: mode Current completion mode name string. See |complete_info_mode| for the values. pum_visible |TRUE| if popup menu is visible. See |pumvisible()|. items List of completion matches. Each item is a dictionary containing the entries "word", "abbr", "menu", "kind", "info" and "user_data". See |complete-items|. selected Selected item index. First index is zero. Index is -1 if no item is selected (showing typed text only) inserted Inserted string. [NOT IMPLEMENT YET] mode values are: "" Not in completion mode "keyword" Keyword completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-N| "ctrl_x" Just pressed CTRL-X |i_CTRL-X| "whole_line" Whole lines |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-L| "files" File names |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-F| "tags" Tags |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]| "path_defines" Definition completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-D| "path_patterns" Include completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-I| "dictionary" Dictionary |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-K| "thesaurus" Thesaurus |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-T| "cmdline" Vim Command line |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-V| "function" User defined completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-U| "omni" Omni completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-O| "spell" Spelling suggestions |i_CTRL-X_s| "eval" |complete()| completion "unknown" Other internal modes If the optional {what} list argument is supplied, then only the items listed in {what} are returned. Unsupported items in {what} are silently ignored. To get the position and size of the popup menu, see |pum_getpos()|. It's also available in |v:event| during the |CompleteChanged| event. Examples: " Get all items call complete_info() " Get only 'mode' call complete_info(['mode']) " Get only 'mode' and 'pum_visible' call complete_info(['mode', 'pum_visible']) Can also be used as a |method|: GetItems()->complete_info()

confirm() offers the user a dialog, from which a choice can be made. It returns the number of the choice. For the first choice this is 1. Note: confirm() is only supported when compiled with dialog support, see |+dialog_con| and |+dialog_gui|. {msg} is displayed in a |dialog| with {choices} as the alternatives. When {choices} is missing or empty, "&OK" is used (and translated). {msg} is a String, use '\n' to include a newline. Only on some systems the string is wrapped when it doesn't fit. {choices} is a String, with the individual choices separated by '\n', e.g. confirm("Save changes?", "&Yes\n&No\n&Cancel") The letter after the '&' is the shortcut key for that choice. Thus you can type 'c' to select "Cancel". The shortcut does not need to be the first letter: confirm("file has been modified", "&Save\nSave &All") For the console, the first letter of each choice is used as the default shortcut key. Case is ignored. The optional {default} argument is the number of the choice that is made if the user hits . Use 1 to make the first choice the default one. Use 0 to not set a default. If {default} is omitted, 1 is used. The optional {type} argument gives the type of dialog. This is only used for the icon of the GTK, Mac, Motif and Win32 GUI. It can be one of these values: "Error", "Question", "Info", "Warning" or "Generic". Only the first character is relevant. When {type} is omitted, "Generic" is used. If the user aborts the dialog by pressing , CTRL-C, or another valid interrupt key, confirm() returns 0. An example: :let choice = confirm("What do you want?", "&Apples\n&Oranges\n&Bananas", 2) :if choice == 0 : echo "make up your mind!" :elseif choice == 3 : echo "tasteful" :else : echo "I prefer bananas myself." :endif In a GUI dialog, buttons are used. The layout of the buttons depends on the 'v' flag in 'guioptions'. If it is included, the buttons are always put vertically. Otherwise, confirm() tries to put the buttons in one horizontal line. If they don't fit, a vertical layout is used anyway. For some systems the horizontal layout is always used. Can also be used as a |method|in: BuildMessage()->confirm("&Yes\n&No")

Make a copy of {expr}. For Numbers and Strings this isn't different from using {expr} directly. When {expr} is a |List| a shallow copy is created. This means that the original |List| can be changed without changing the copy, and vice versa. But the items are identical, thus changing an item changes the contents of both |Lists|. A |Dictionary| is copied in a similar way as a |List|. Also see |deepcopy()|. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->copy()

Return the cosine of {expr}, measured in radians, as a |Float|. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo cos(100) 0.862319 :echo cos(-4.01) -0.646043 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->cos() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the hyperbolic cosine of {expr} as a |Float| in the range [1, inf]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo cosh(0.5) 1.127626 :echo cosh(-0.5) -1.127626 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->cosh() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the number of times an item with value {expr} appears in |String|, |List| or |Dictionary| {comp}. If {start} is given then start with the item with this index. {start} can only be used with a |List|. When {ic} is given and it's |TRUE| then case is ignored. When {comp} is a string then the number of not overlapping occurrences of {expr} is returned. Zero is returned when {expr} is an empty string. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->count(val)

Checks for the existence of a |cscope| connection. If no parameters are specified, then the function returns: 0, if cscope was not available (not compiled in), or if there are no cscope connections; 1, if there is at least one cscope connection. If parameters are specified, then the value of {num} determines how existence of a cscope connection is checked: {num} Description of existence check

0 Same as no parameters (e.g., "cscope_connection()"). 1 Ignore {prepend}, and use partial string matches for {dbpath}. 2 Ignore {prepend}, and use exact string matches for {dbpath}. 3 Use {prepend}, use partial string matches for both {dbpath} and {prepend}. 4 Use {prepend}, use exact string matches for both {dbpath} and {prepend}. Note: All string comparisons are case sensitive! Examples. Suppose we had the following (from ":cs show"):

pid database name prepend path

0 27664 cscope.out /usr/local Invocation Return Val ~

cscope_connection() 1 cscope_connection(1, "out") 1 cscope_connection(2, "out") 0 cscope_connection(3, "out") 0 cscope_connection(3, "out", "local") 1 cscope_connection(4, "out") 0 cscope_connection(4, "out", "local") 0 cscope_connection(4, "cscope.out", "/usr/local") 1

Positions the cursor at the column (byte count) {col} in the line {lnum}. The first column is one. When there is one argument {list} this is used as a |List| with two, three or four item: [{lnum}, {col}] [{lnum}, {col}, {off}] [{lnum}, {col}, {off}, {curswant}] This is like the return value of |getpos()| or |getcurpos()|, but without the first item. Does not change the jumplist. If {lnum} is greater than the number of lines in the buffer, the cursor will be positioned at the last line in the buffer. If {lnum} is zero, the cursor will stay in the current line. If {col} is greater than the number of bytes in the line, the cursor will be positioned at the last character in the line. If {col} is zero, the cursor will stay in the current column. If {curswant} is given it is used to set the preferred column for vertical movement. Otherwise {col} is used. When 'virtualedit' is used {off} specifies the offset in screen columns from the start of the character. E.g., a position within a or after the last character. Returns 0 when the position could be set, -1 otherwise. Can also be used as a |method|: GetCursorPos()->cursor()

Specifically used to interrupt a program being debugged. It will cause process {pid} to get a SIGTRAP. Behavior for other processes is undefined. See |terminal-debugger|. {only available on MS-Windows} Can also be used as a |method|: GetPid()->debugbreak()

Make a copy of {expr}. For Numbers and Strings this isn't different from using {expr} directly. When {expr} is a |List| a full copy is created. This means that the original |List| can be changed without changing the copy, and vice versa. When an item is a |List| or |Dictionary|, a copy for it is made, recursively. Thus changing an item in the copy does not change the contents of the original |List|. A |Dictionary| is copied in a similar way as a |List|. When {noref} is omitted or zero a contained |List| or |Dictionary| is only copied once. All references point to this single copy. With {noref} set to 1 every occurrence of a |List| or |Dictionary| results in a new copy. This also means that a cyclic reference causes deepcopy() to fail. Nesting is possible up to 100 levels. When there is an item that refers back to a higher level making a deep copy with {noref} set to 1 will fail. Also see |copy()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetObject()->deepcopy()

Without {flags} or with {flags} empty: Deletes the file by the name {fname}. This also works when {fname} is a symbolic link. When {flags} is "d": Deletes the directory by the name {fname}. This fails when directory {fname} is not empty. When {flags} is "rf": Deletes the directory by the name {fname} and everything in it, recursively. BE CAREFUL! Note: on MS-Windows it is not possible to delete a directory that is being used. A symbolic link itself is deleted, not what it points to. The result is a Number, which is 0/false if the delete operation was successful and -1/true when the deletion failed or partly failed. Use |remove()| to delete an item from a |List|. To delete a line from the buffer use |:delete| or |deletebufline()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->delete()

Delete lines {first} to {last} (inclusive) from buffer {expr}. If {last} is omitted then delete line {first} only. On success 0 is returned, on failure 1 is returned. This function works only for loaded buffers. First call |bufload()| if needed. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. {first} and {last} are used like with |getline()|. Note that when using |line()| this refers to the current buffer. Use "$" to refer to the last line in buffer {expr}. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBuffer()->deletebufline(1)

Returns |TRUE| when autocommands are being executed and the FileType event has been triggered at least once. Can be used to avoid triggering the FileType event again in the scripts that detect the file type. |FileType| Returns |FALSE| when :setf FALLBACK was used. When editing another file, the counter is reset, thus this really checks if the FileType event has been triggered for the current buffer. This allows an autocommand that starts editing another buffer to set 'filetype' and load a syntax file.

Returns the number of filler lines above line {lnum}. These are the lines that were inserted at this point in another diff'ed window. These filler lines are shown in the display but don't exist in the buffer. {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current line, "'m" mark m, etc. Returns 0 if the current window is not in diff mode. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->diff_filler()

Returns the highlight ID for diff mode at line {lnum} column {col} (byte index). When the current line does not have a diff change zero is returned. {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current line, "'m" mark m, etc. {col} is 1 for the leftmost column, {lnum} is 1 for the first line. The highlight ID can be used with |synIDattr()| to obtain syntax information about the highlighting. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->diff_hlID(col)

Return the Number 1 if {expr} is empty, zero otherwise.

• A |List| or |Dictionary| is empty when it does not have any items.
• A |String| is empty when its length is zero.
• A |Number| and |Float| are empty when their value is zero.
• |v:false|, |v:none| and |v:null| are empty, |v:true| is not.
• A |Job| is empty when it failed to start.
• A |Channel| is empty when it is closed.
• A |Blob| is empty when its length is zero. For a long |List| this is much faster than comparing the length with zero. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->empty()

Ensure if x is Position by raising an AssertError when it's not.

Ensure if x is ScreenPos by raising an AssertError when it's not.

Return all of environment variables as dictionary. You can check if an environment variable exists like this: :echo has_key(environ(), 'HOME') Note that the variable name may be CamelCase; to ignore case use this: :echo index(keys(environ()), 'HOME', 0, 1) != -1

Escape the characters in {chars} that occur in {string} with a backslash. Example: :echo escape('c:\program files\vim', ' ') results in: c:\program\ files\vim Also see |shellescape()| and |fnameescape()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->escape(' ')

Evaluate {string} and return the result. Especially useful to turn the result of |string()| back into the original value. This works for Numbers, Floats, Strings, Blobs and composites of them. Also works for |Funcref|s that refer to existing functions. Can also be used as a |method|: argv->join()->eval()

Returns 1 when inside an event handler. That is that Vim got interrupted while waiting for the user to type a character, e.g., when dropping a file on Vim. This means interactive commands cannot be used. Otherwise zero is returned.

This function checks if an executable with the name {expr} exists. {expr} must be the name of the program without any arguments. executable() uses the value of $PATH and/or the normal searchpath for programs. On MS-Windows the ".exe", ".bat", etc. can optionally be included. Then the extensions in $PATHEXT are tried. Thus if "foo.exe" does not exist, "foo.exe.bat" can be found. If $PATHEXT is not set then ".com;.exe;.bat;.cmd" is used. A dot by itself can be used in $PATHEXT to try using the name without an extension. When 'shell' looks like a Unix shell, then the name is also tried without adding an extension. On MS-Windows it only checks if the file exists and is not a directory, not if it's really executable. On MS-Windows an executable in the same directory as Vim is always found. Since this directory is added to $PATH it should also work to execute it |win32-PATH|. The result is a Number: 1 exists 0 does not exist -1 not implemented on this system |exepath()| can be used to get the full path of an executable. Can also be used as a |method|: GetCommand()->executable()

Execute an Ex command or commands and return the output as a string. {command} can be a string or a List. In case of a List the lines are executed one by one. This is equivalent to: redir => var {command} redir END The optional {silent} argument can have these values: "" no :silent used "silent" :silent used "silent!" :silent! used The default is "silent". Note that with "silent!", unlike :redir, error messages are dropped. When using an external command the screen may be messed up, use system() instead. It is not possible to use :redir anywhere in {command}. To get a list of lines use |split()| on the result: split(execute('args'), "\n") To execute a command in another window than the current one use win_execute(). When used recursively the output of the recursive call is not included in the output of the higher level call. Can also be used as a |method|: GetCommand()->execute()

If {expr} is an executable and is either an absolute path, a relative path or found in $PATH, return the full path. Note that the current directory is used when {expr} starts with "./", which may be a problem for Vim: echo exepath(v:progpath) If {expr} cannot be found in $PATH or is not executable then an empty string is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetCommand()->exepath()

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| if {expr} is defined, zero otherwise.

Return the exponential of {expr} as a |Float| in the range [0, inf]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo exp(2) 7.389056 :echo exp(-1) 0.367879 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->exp() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Expand wildcards and the following special keywords in {expr}. 'wildignorecase' applies. If {list} is given and it is |TRUE|, a List will be returned. Otherwise the result is a String and when there are several matches, they are separated by characters. [Note: in version 5.0 a space was used, which caused problems when a file name contains a space] If the expansion fails, the result is an empty string. A name for a non-existing file is not included, unless {expr} does not start with '%', '#' or '<', see below. When {expr} starts with '%', '#' or '<', the expansion is done like for the |cmdline-special| variables with their associated modifiers. Here is a short overview: % current file name # alternate file name #n alternate file name n file name under the cursor autocmd file name autocmd buffer number (as a String!) autocmd matched name C expression under the cursor sourced script file or function name sourced script line number or function line number script file line number, also when in a function "123_" where "123" is the current script ID || call stack word under the cursor WORD under the cursor the {clientid} of the last received message |server2client()| Modifiers: :p expand to full path :h head (last path component removed) :t tail (last path component only) :r root (one extension removed) :e extension only Example: :let &tags = expand("%:p:h") . "/tags" Note that when expanding a string that starts with '%', '#' or '<', any following text is ignored. This does NOT work: :let doesntwork = expand("%:h.bak") Use this: :let doeswork = expand("%:h") . ".bak" Also note that expanding "" and others only returns the referenced file name without further expansion. If "" is "/.cshrc", you need to do another expand() to have the "/" expanded into the path of the home directory: :echo expand(expand("")) There cannot be white space between the variables and the following modifier. The |fnamemodify()| function can be used to modify normal file names. When using '%' or '#', and the current or alternate file name is not defined, an empty string is used. Using "%:p" in a buffer with no name, results in the current directory, with a '/' added. When {expr} does not start with '%', '#' or '<', it is expanded like a file name is expanded on the command line. 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' are used, unless the optional {nosuf} argument is given and it is |TRUE|. Names for non-existing files are included. The "" item can be used to search in a directory tree. For example, to find all "README" files in the current directory and below: :echo expand(" /README") expand() can also be used to expand variables and environment variables that are only known in a shell. But this can be slow, because a shell may be used to do the expansion. See |expr-env-expand|. The expanded variable is still handled like a list of file names. When an environment variable cannot be expanded, it is left unchanged. Thus ":echo expand('$FOOBAR')" results in "$FOOBAR". See |glob()| for finding existing files. See |system()| for getting the raw output of an external command. Can also be used as a |method|: Getpattern()->expand()

Expand special items in {expr} like what is done for an Ex command such as :edit. This expands special keywords, like with |expand()|, and environment variables, anywhere in {expr}. "user" and "/path" are only expanded at the start. Returns the expanded string. Example: :echo expandcmd('make %<.o') Can also be used as a |method|: GetCommand()->expandcmd()

{expr1} and {expr2} must be both |Lists| or both |Dictionaries|. If they are |Lists|: Append {expr2} to {expr1}. If {expr3} is given insert the items of {expr2} before the item with index {expr3} in {expr1}. When {expr3} is zero insert before the first item. When {expr3} is equal to len({expr1}) then {expr2} is appended. Examples: :echo sort(extend(mylist, [7, 5])) :call extend(mylist, [2, 3], 1) When {expr1} is the same List as {expr2} then the number of items copied is equal to the original length of the List. E.g., when {expr3} is 1 you get N new copies of the first item (where N is the original length of the List). Use |add()| to concatenate one item to a list. To concatenate two lists into a new list use the + operator: :let newlist = [1, 2, 3] + [4, 5] If they are |Dictionaries|: Add all entries from {expr2} to {expr1}. If a key exists in both {expr1} and {expr2} then {expr3} is used to decide what to do: {expr3} = "keep": keep the value of {expr1} {expr3} = "force": use the value of {expr2} {expr3} = "error": give an error message When {expr3} is omitted then "force" is assumed. {expr1} is changed when {expr2} is not empty. If necessary make a copy of {expr1} first. {expr2} remains unchanged. When {expr1} is locked and {expr2} is not empty the operation fails. Returns {expr1}. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->extend(otherlist)

Characters in {string} are queued for processing as if they come from a mapping or were typed by the user. By default the string is added to the end of the typeahead buffer, thus if a mapping is still being executed the characters come after them. Use the 'i' flag to insert before other characters, they will be executed next, before any characters from a mapping. The function does not wait for processing of keys contained in {string}. To include special keys into {string}, use double-quotes and "..." notation |expr-quote|. For example, feedkeys("<CR>") simulates pressing of the key. But feedkeys('<CR>') pushes 5 characters. A special code that might be useful is , it exits the wait for a character without doing anything. {mode} is a String, which can contain these character flags: 'm' Remap keys. This is default. If {mode} is absent, keys are remapped. 'n' Do not remap keys. 't' Handle keys as if typed; otherwise they are handled as if coming from a mapping. This matters for undo, opening folds, etc. 'L' Lowlevel input. Only works for Unix or when using the GUI. Keys are used as if they were coming from the terminal. Other flags are not used. When a CTRL-C interrupts and 't' is included it sets the internal "got_int" flag. 'i' Insert the string instead of appending (see above). 'x' Execute commands until typeahead is empty. This is similar to using ":normal!". You can call feedkeys() several times without 'x' and then one time with 'x' (possibly with an empty {string}) to execute all the typeahead. Note that when Vim ends in Insert mode it will behave as if is typed, to avoid getting stuck, waiting for a character to be typed before the script continues. Note that if you manage to call feedkeys() while executing commands, thus calling it recursively, then all typeahead will be consumed by the last call. '!' When used with 'x' will not end Insert mode. Can be used in a test when a timer is set to exit Insert mode a little later. Useful for testing CursorHoldI. Return value is always 0. Can also be used as a |method|: GetInput()->feedkeys()

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| when a file with the name {file} exists, and can be read. If {file} doesn't exist, or is a directory, the result is |FALSE|. {file} is any expression, which is used as a String. If you don't care about the file being readable you can use |glob()|. {file} is used as-is, you may want to expand wildcards first: echo filereadable('/.vimrc') 0 echo filereadable(expand('/.vimrc')) 1 Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->filereadable() Obsolete name: file_readable().

The result is a Number, which is 1 when a file with the name {file} exists, and can be written. If {file} doesn't exist, or is not writable, the result is 0. If {file} is a directory, and we can write to it, the result is 2. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->filewritable()

{expr1} must be a |List| or a |Dictionary|. For each item in {expr1} evaluate {expr2} and when the result is zero remove the item from the |List| or |Dictionary|. {expr2} must be a |string| or |Funcref|. If {expr2} is a |string|, inside {expr2} |v:val| has the value of the current item. For a |Dictionary| |v:key| has the key of the current item and for a |List| |v:key| has the index of the current item. Examples: call filter(mylist, 'v:val !~ "OLD"') Removes the items where "OLD" appears. call filter(mydict, 'v:key >= 8') Removes the items with a key below 8. call filter(var, 0) Removes all the items, thus clears the |List| or |Dictionary|. Note that {expr2} is the result of expression and is then used as an expression again. Often it is good to use a |literal-string| to avoid having to double backslashes. If {expr2} is a |Funcref| it must take two arguments: 1. the key or the index of the current item. 2. the value of the current item. The function must return |TRUE| if the item should be kept. Example that keeps the odd items of a list: func Odd(idx, val) return a:idx % 2 == 1 endfunc call filter(mylist, function('Odd')) It is shorter when using a |lambda|: call filter(myList, {idx, val -> idx * val <= 42}) If you do not use "val" you can leave it out: call filter(myList, {idx -> idx % 2 == 1}) The operation is done in-place. If you want a |List| or |Dictionary| to remain unmodified make a copy first: :let l = filter(copy(mylist), 'v:val =~ "KEEP"') Returns {expr1}, the |List| or |Dictionary| that was filtered. When an error is encountered while evaluating {expr2} no further items in {expr1} are processed. When {expr2} is a Funcref errors inside a function are ignored, unless it was defined with the "abort" flag. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->filter(expr2)

Find directory {name} in {path}. Supports both downwards and upwards recursive directory searches. See |file-searching| for the syntax of {path}. Returns the path of the first found match. When the found directory is below the current directory a relative path is returned. Otherwise a full path is returned. If {path} is omitted or empty then 'path' is used. If the optional {count} is given, find {count}'s occurrence of {name} in {path} instead of the first one. When {count} is negative return all the matches in a |List|. This is quite similar to the ex-command |:find|. {only available when compiled with the |+file_in_path| feature} Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->finddir()

Just like |finddir()|, but find a file instead of a directory. Uses 'suffixesadd'. Example: :echo findfile("tags.vim", ".;") Searches from the directory of the current file upwards until it finds the file "tags.vim". Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->findfile()

Flatten {list} up to {maxdepth} levels. Without {maxdepth} the result is a |List| without nesting, as if {maxdepth} is a very large number. The {list} is changed in place, use |flattennew()| if you do not want that. In Vim9 script flatten() cannot be used, you must always use |flattennew()|. {maxdepth} means how deep in nested lists changes are made. {list} is not modified when {maxdepth} is 0. {maxdepth} must be positive number. If there is an error the number zero is returned. Example: :echo flatten([1, [2, [3, 4]], 5]) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] :echo flatten([1, [2, [3, 4]], 5], 1) [1, 2, [3, 4], 5]

Convert {expr} to a Number by omitting the part after the decimal point. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a Number. When the value of {expr} is out of range for a |Number| the result is truncated to 0x7fffffff or -0x7fffffff (or when 64-bit Number support is enabled, 0x7fffffffffffffff or -0x7fffffffffffffff). NaN results in -0x80000000 (or when 64-bit Number support is enabled, -0x8000000000000000). Examples: echo float2nr(3.95) 3 echo float2nr(-23.45) -23 echo float2nr(1.0e100) 2147483647 (or 9223372036854775807) echo float2nr(-1.0e150) -2147483647 (or -9223372036854775807) echo float2nr(1.0e-100) 0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->float2nr() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the largest integral value less than or equal to {expr} as a |Float| (round down). {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: echo floor(1.856) 1.0 echo floor(-5.456) -6.0 echo floor(4.0) 4.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->floor() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the remainder of {expr1} / {expr2}, even if the division is not representable. Returns {expr1} - i * {expr2} for some integer i such that if {expr2} is non-zero, the result has the same sign as {expr1} and magnitude less than the magnitude of {expr2}. If {expr2} is zero, the value returned is zero. The value returned is a |Float|. {expr1} and {expr2} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo fmod(12.33, 1.22) 0.13 :echo fmod(-12.33, 1.22) -0.13 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->fmod(1.22) {only available when compiled with |+float| feature}

Escape {string} for use as file name command argument. All characters that have a special meaning, such as '%' and '|' are escaped with a backslash. For most systems the characters escaped are " \t\n*?[{`$\%#'"|!<". For systems where a backslash appears in a filename, it depends on the value of 'isfname'. A leading '+' and '>' is also escaped (special after |:edit| and |:write|). And a "-" by itself (special after |:cd|). Example: :let fname = '+some str%nge|name' :exe "edit " . fnameescape(fname) results in executing: edit +some\ str%nge|name Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->fnameescape()

Modify file name {fname} according to {mods}. {mods} is a string of characters like it is used for file names on the command line. See |filename-modifiers|. Example: :echo fnamemodify("main.c", ":p:h") results in: /home/mool/vim/vim/src If {mods} is empty then {fname} is returned. Note: Environment variables don't work in {fname}, use |expand()| first then. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->fnamemodify(':p:h')

The result is a Number. If the line {lnum} is in a closed fold, the result is the number of the first line in that fold. If the line {lnum} is not in a closed fold, -1 is returned. {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current line, "'m" mark m, etc. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->foldclosed()

The result is a Number. If the line {lnum} is in a closed fold, the result is the number of the last line in that fold. If the line {lnum} is not in a closed fold, -1 is returned. {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current line, "'m" mark m, etc. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->foldclosedend()

The result is a Number, which is the foldlevel of line {lnum} in the current buffer. For nested folds the deepest level is returned. If there is no fold at line {lnum}, zero is returned. It doesn't matter if the folds are open or closed. When used while updating folds (from 'foldexpr') -1 is returned for lines where folds are still to be updated and the foldlevel is unknown. As a special case the level of the previous line is usually available. {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current line, "'m" mark m, etc. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->foldlevel()

Returns a String, to be displayed for a closed fold. This is the default function used for the 'foldtext' option and should only be called from evaluating 'foldtext'. It uses the |v:foldstart|, |v:foldend| and |v:folddashes| variables. The returned string looks like this: +-- 45 lines: abcdef The number of leading dashes depends on the foldlevel. The "45" is the number of lines in the fold. "abcdef" is the text in the first non-blank line of the fold. Leading white space, "//" or "/*" and the text from the 'foldmarker' and 'commentstring' options is removed. When used to draw the actual foldtext, the rest of the line will be filled with the fold char from the 'fillchars' setting. {not available when compiled without the |+folding| feature}

Returns the text that is displayed for the closed fold at line {lnum}. Evaluates 'foldtext' in the appropriate context. When there is no closed fold at {lnum} an empty string is returned. {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current line, "'m" mark m, etc. Useful when exporting folded text, e.g., to HTML. {not available when compiled without the |+folding| feature} Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->foldtextresult()

Move the Vim window to the foreground. Useful when sent from a client to a Vim server. |remote_send()| On Win32 systems this might not work, the OS does not always allow a window to bring itself to the foreground. Use |remote_foreground()| instead. {only in the Win32, Athena, Motif and GTK GUI versions and the Win32 console version}

Just like |function()|, but the returned Funcref will lookup the function by reference, not by name. This matters when the function {name} is redefined later. Unlike |function()|, {name} must be an existing user function. Also for autoloaded functions. {name} cannot be a builtin function. Can also be used as a |method|: GetFuncname()->funcref([arg])

Return a |Funcref| variable that refers to function {name}. {name} can be the name of a user defined function or an internal function. {name} can also be a Funcref or a partial. When it is a partial the dict stored in it will be used and the {dict} argument is not allowed. E.g.: let FuncWithArg = function(dict.Func, [arg]) let Broken = function(dict.Func, [arg], dict) When using the Funcref the function will be found by {name}, also when it was redefined later. Use |funcref()| to keep the same function. When {arglist} or {dict} is present this creates a partial. That means the argument list and/or the dictionary is stored in the Funcref and will be used when the Funcref is called. The arguments are passed to the function in front of other arguments, but after any argument from |method|. Example: func Callback(arg1, arg2, name) ... let Partial = function('Callback', ['one', 'two']) ... call Partial('name') Invokes the function as with: call Callback('one', 'two', 'name') With a |method|: func Callback(one, two, three) ... let Partial = function('Callback', ['two']) ... eval 'one'->Partial('three') Invokes the function as with: call Callback('one', 'two', 'three') The function() call can be nested to add more arguments to the Funcref. The extra arguments are appended to the list of arguments. Example: func Callback(arg1, arg2, name) ... let Func = function('Callback', ['one']) let Func2 = function(Func, ['two']) ... call Func2('name') Invokes the function as with: call Callback('one', 'two', 'name') The Dictionary is only useful when calling a "dict" function. In that case the {dict} is passed in as "self". Example: function Callback() dict echo "called for " . self.name endfunction ... let context = {"name": "example"} let Func = function('Callback', context) ... call Func() " will echo: called for example The use of function() is not needed when there are no extra arguments, these two are equivalent: let Func = function('Callback', context) let Func = context.Callback The argument list and the Dictionary can be combined: function Callback(arg1, count) dict ... let context = {"name": "example"} let Func = function('Callback', ['one'], context) ... call Func(500) Invokes the function as with: call context.Callback('one', 500) Can also be used as a |method|: GetFuncname()->function([arg])

Cleanup unused |Lists|, |Dictionaries|, |Channels| and |Jobs| that have circular references. There is hardly ever a need to invoke this function, as it is automatically done when Vim runs out of memory or is waiting for the user to press a key after 'updatetime'. Items without circular references are always freed when they become unused. This is useful if you have deleted a very big |List| and/or |Dictionary| with circular references in a script that runs for a long time. When the optional {atexit} argument is one, garbage collection will also be done when exiting Vim, if it wasn't done before. This is useful when checking for memory leaks. The garbage collection is not done immediately but only when it's safe to perform. This is when waiting for the user to type a character. To force garbage collection immediately use |test_garbagecollect_now()|.

Get item {idx} from |List| {list}. When this item is not available return {default}. Return zero when {default} is omitted. Preferably used as a |method|: mylist->get(idx)

Get information about buffers as a List of Dictionaries. Without an argument information about all the buffers is returned. When the argument is a |Dictionary| only the buffers matching the specified criteria are returned. The following keys can be specified in {dict}: buflisted include only listed buffers. bufloaded include only loaded buffers. bufmodified include only modified buffers. Otherwise, {expr} specifies a particular buffer to return information for. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. If the buffer is found the returned List has one item. Otherwise the result is an empty list. Each returned List item is a dictionary with the following entries: bufnr Buffer number. changed TRUE if the buffer is modified. changedtick Number of changes made to the buffer. hidden TRUE if the buffer is hidden. lastused Timestamp in seconds, like |localtime()|, when the buffer was last used. {only with the |+viminfo| feature} listed TRUE if the buffer is listed. lnum Line number used for the buffer when opened in the current window. Only valid if the buffer has been displayed in the window in the past. If you want the line number of the last known cursor position in a given window, use |line()|: :echo line('.', {winid}) linecount Number of lines in the buffer (only valid when loaded) loaded TRUE if the buffer is loaded. name Full path to the file in the buffer. signs List of signs placed in the buffer. Each list item is a dictionary with the following fields: id sign identifier lnum line number name sign name variables A reference to the dictionary with buffer-local variables. windows List of |window-ID|s that display this buffer popups List of popup |window-ID|s that display this buffer Examples: for buf in getbufinfo() echo buf.name endfor for buf in getbufinfo({'buflisted':1}) if buf.changed .... endif endfor To get buffer-local options use: getbufvar({bufnr}, '&option_name') Can also be used as a |method|: GetBufnr()->getbufinfo()

Return a |List| with the lines starting from {lnum} to {end} (inclusive) in the buffer {expr}. If {end} is omitted, a |List| with only the line {lnum} is returned.

The result is the value of option or local buffer variable {varname} in buffer {expr}. Note that the name without "b:" must be used. When {varname} is empty returns a |Dictionary| with all the buffer-local variables. When {varname} is equal to "&" returns a |Dictionary| with all the buffer-local options. Otherwise, when {varname} starts with "&" returns the value of a buffer-local option. This also works for a global or buffer-local option, but it doesn't work for a global variable, window-local variable or window-local option. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. When the buffer or variable doesn't exist {def} or an empty string is returned, there is no error message. Examples: :let bufmodified = getbufvar(1, "&mod") :echo "todo myvar = " . getbufvar("todo", "myvar") Can also be used as a |method|: GetBufnr()->getbufvar(varname)

Returns the |changelist| for the buffer {expr}. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. If buffer {expr} doesn't exist, an empty list is returned. The returned list contains two entries: a list with the change locations and the current position in the list. Each entry in the change list is a dictionary with the following entries: col column number coladd column offset for 'virtualedit' lnum line number If buffer {expr} is the current buffer, then the current position refers to the position in the list. For other buffers, it is set to the length of the list. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBufnr()->getchangelist()

Get a single character from the user or input stream. If [expr] is omitted, wait until a character is available. If [expr] is 0, only get a character when one is available. Return zero otherwise. If [expr] is 1, only check if a character is available, it is not consumed. Return zero if no character available. If you prefer always getting a string use |getcharstr()|. Without [expr] and when [expr] is 0 a whole character or special key is returned. If it is a single character, the result is a number. Use nr2char() to convert it to a String. Otherwise a String is returned with the encoded character. For a special key it's a String with a sequence of bytes starting with 0x80 (decimal: 128). This is the same value as the String "<Key>", e.g., "<Left>". The returned value is also a String when a modifier (shift, control, alt) was used that is not included in the character. When [expr] is 0 and Esc is typed, there will be a short delay while Vim waits to see if this is the start of an escape sequence. When [expr] is 1 only the first byte is returned. For a one-byte character it is the character itself as a number. Use nr2char() to convert it to a String. Use getcharmod() to obtain any additional modifiers. When the user clicks a mouse button, the mouse event will be returned. The position can then be found in |v:mouse_col|, |v:mouse_lnum|, |v:mouse_winid| and |v:mouse_win|. |getmousepos()| can also be used. Mouse move events will be ignored. This example positions the mouse as it would normally happen: let c = getchar() if c == "<LeftMouse>" && v:mouse_win > 0 exe v:mouse_win . "wincmd w" exe v:mouse_lnum exe "normal " . v:mouse_col . "|" endif When using bracketed paste only the first character is returned, the rest of the pasted text is dropped. |xterm-bracketed-paste|. There is no prompt, you will somehow have to make clear to the user that a character has to be typed. The screen is not redrawn, e.g. when resizing the window. When using a popup window it should work better with a |popup-filter|. There is no mapping for the character. Key codes are replaced, thus when the user presses the <Del key you get the code for the key, not the raw character sequence. Examples: getchar() == "<Del>" getchar() == "<S-Left>" This example redefines "f" to ignore case: :nmap f :call FindChar()<CR :function FindChar() : let c = nr2char(getchar()) : while col('.') < col('$') - 1 : normal l : if getline('.')[col('.') - 1] ==? c : break : endif : endwhile :endfunction You may also receive synthetic characters, such as ||. Often you will want to ignore this and get another character: :function GetKey() : let c = getchar() : while c == "<CursorHold>" : let c = getchar() : endwhile : return c :endfunction

The result is a Number which is the state of the modifiers for the last obtained character with getchar() or in another way. These values are added together: 2 shift 4 control 8 alt (meta) 16 meta (when it's different from ALT) 32 mouse double click 64 mouse triple click 96 mouse quadruple click (== 32 + 64) 128 command (Macintosh only) Only the modifiers that have not been included in the character itself are obtained. Thus Shift-a results in "A" without a modifier.

Return the current character search information as a {dict} with the following entries: char character previously used for a character search (|t|, |f|, |T|, or |F|); empty string if no character search has been performed forward direction of character search; 1 for forward, 0 for backward until type of character search; 1 for a |t| or |T| character search, 0 for an |f| or |F| character search This can be useful to always have |;| and |,| search forward/backward regardless of the direction of the previous character search: :nnoremap ; getcharsearch().forward ? ';' : ',' :nnoremap , getcharsearch().forward ? ',' : ';' Also see |setcharsearch()|.

Return the current command-line. Only works when the command line is being edited, thus requires use of |c_CTRL-_e| or |c_CTRL-R_=|. Example: :cmap <C->eescape(getcmdline(), ' ')<CR Returns an empty string when entering a password or using |inputsecret()|.

Return the position of the cursor in the command line as a byte count. The first column is 1. Only works when editing the command line, thus requires use of |c_CTRL-_e| or |c_CTRL-R_=| or an expression mapping. Returns 0 otherwise. Also see |getcmdtype()|, |setcmdpos()| and |getcmdline()|.

Return the current command-line type. Possible return values are: : normal Ex command > debug mode command |debug-mode| / forward search command ? backward search command @ |input()| command - |:insert| or |:append| command = |i_CTRL-R_=| Only works when editing the command line, thus requires use of |c_CTRL-_e| or |c_CTRL-R_=| or an expression mapping. Returns an empty string otherwise. Also see |getcmdpos()|, |setcmdpos()| and |getcmdline()|.

Return the current |command-line-window| type. Possible return values are the same as |getcmdtype()|. Returns an empty string when not in the command-line window.

Return a list of command-line completion matches. {type} specifies what for. The following completion types are supported: arglist file names in argument list augroup autocmd groups buffer buffer names behave :behave suboptions color color schemes command Ex command (and arguments) cmdline |cmdline-completion| result compiler compilers cscope |:cscope| suboptions diff_buffer |:diffget| and |:diffput| completion dir directory names environment environment variable names event autocommand events expression Vim expression file file and directory names file_in_path file and directory names in |'path'| filetype filetype names |'filetype'| function function name help help subjects highlight highlight groups history :history suboptions locale locale names (as output of locale -a) mapclear buffer argument mapping mapping name menu menus messages |:messages| suboptions option options packadd optional package |pack-add| names shellcmd Shell command sign |:sign| suboptions syntax syntax file names |'syntax'| syntime |:syntime| suboptions tag tags tag_listfiles tags, file names user user names var user variables If {pat} is an empty string, then all the matches are returned. Otherwise only items matching {pat} are returned. See |wildcards| for the use of special characters in {pat}. If the optional {filtered} flag is set to 1, then 'wildignore' is applied to filter the results. Otherwise all the matches are returned. The 'wildignorecase' option always applies. If {type} is "cmdline", then the |cmdline-completion| result is returned. For example, to complete the possible values after a ":call" command: echo getcompletion('call ', 'cmdline') If there are no matches, an empty list is returned. An invalid value for {type} produces an error. Can also be used as a |method|: GetPattern()->getcompletion('color')

Get the position of the cursor. This is like getpos('.'), but includes an extra item in the list: [bufnum, lnum, col, off, curswant] ~ The "curswant" number is the preferred column when moving the cursor vertically. Also see |getpos()|. This can be used to save and restore the cursor position: let save_cursor = getcurpos() MoveTheCursorAround call setpos('.', save_cursor) Note that this only works within the window. See |winrestview()| for restoring more state.

The result is a String, which is the name of the current working directory. With {winnr} return the local current directory of this window in the current tab page. {winnr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. If {winnr} is -1 return the name of the global working directory. See also |haslocaldir()|. With {winnr} and {tabnr} return the local current directory of the window in the specified tab page. If {winnr} is -1 return the working directory of the tabpage. If {winnr} is zero use the current window, if {tabnr} is zero use the current tabpage. Without any arguments, return the working directory of the current window. Return an empty string if the arguments are invalid. Examples: " Get the working directory of the current window :echo getcwd() :echo getcwd(0) :echo getcwd(0, 0) " Get the working directory of window 3 in tabpage 2 :echo getcwd(3, 2) " Get the global working directory :echo getcwd(-1) " Get the working directory of tabpage 3 :echo getcwd(-1, 3) " Get the working directory of current tabpage :echo getcwd(-1, 0) Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->getcwd()

Return the value of environment variable {name}. When the variable does not exist |v:null| is returned. That is different from a variable set to an empty string, although some systems interpret the empty value as the variable being deleted. See also |expr-env|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetVarname()->getenv()

Without an argument returns the name of the normal font being used. Like what is used for the Normal highlight group |hl-Normal|. With an argument a check is done whether {name} is a valid font name. If not then an empty string is returned. Otherwise the actual font name is returned, or {name} if the GUI does not support obtaining the real name. Only works when the GUI is running, thus not in your vimrc or gvimrc file. Use the |GUIEnter| autocommand to use this function just after the GUI has started. Note that the GTK GUI accepts any font name, thus checking for a valid name does not work.

The result is a String, which is the read, write, and execute permissions of the given file {fname}. If {fname} does not exist or its directory cannot be read, an empty string is returned. The result is of the form "rwxrwxrwx", where each group of "rwx" flags represent, in turn, the permissions of the owner of the file, the group the file belongs to, and other users. If a user does not have a given permission the flag for this is replaced with the string "-". Examples: :echo getfperm("/etc/passwd") :echo getfperm(expand("~/.vimrc")) This will hopefully (from a security point of view) display the string "rw-r--r--" or even "rw-------". Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->getfperm() For setting permissions use |setfperm()|.

The result is a Number, which is the size in bytes of the given file {fname}. If {fname} is a directory, 0 is returned. If the file {fname} can't be found, -1 is returned. If the size of {fname} is too big to fit in a Number then -2 is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->getfsize()

The result is a Number, which is the last modification time of the given file {fname}. The value is measured as seconds since 1st Jan 1970, and may be passed to strftime(). See also |localtime()| and |strftime()|. If the file {fname} can't be found -1 is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->getftime()

The result is a String, which is a description of the kind of file of the given file {fname}. If {fname} does not exist an empty string is returned. Here is a table over different kinds of files and their results: Normal file "file" Directory "dir" Symbolic link "link" Block device "bdev" Character device "cdev" Socket "socket" FIFO "fifo" All other "other" Example: getftype("/home") Note that a type such as "link" will only be returned on systems that support it. On some systems only "dir" and "file" are returned. On MS-Windows a symbolic link to a directory returns "dir" instead of "link". Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->getftype()

Returns the |jumplist| for the specified window. Without arguments use the current window. With {winnr} only use this window in the current tab page. {winnr} can also be a |window-ID|. With {winnr} and {tabnr} use the window in the specified tab page. The returned list contains two entries: a list with the jump locations and the last used jump position number in the list. Each entry in the jump location list is a dictionary with the following entries: bufnr buffer number col column number coladd column offset for 'virtualedit' filename filename if available lnum line number Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->getjumplist()

Without {end} the result is a String, which is line {lnum} from the current buffer. Example: > getline(1) When {lnum} is a String that doesn't start with a digit, line() is called to translate the String into a Number. To get the line under the cursor: > getline(".") When {lnum} is smaller than 1 or bigger than the number of lines in the buffer, an empty string is returned.

Returns a |List| with all the entries in the location list for window {nr}. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {nr} is zero the current window is used. For a location list window, the displayed location list is returned. For an invalid window number {nr}, an empty list is returned. Otherwise, same as |getqflist()|. If the optional {what} dictionary argument is supplied, then returns the items listed in {what} as a dictionary. Refer to |getqflist()| for the supported items in {what}. In addition to the items supported by |getqflist()| in {what}, the following item is supported by |getloclist()|: filewinid id of the window used to display files from the location list. This field is applicable only when called from a location list window. See |location-list-file-window| for more details. Returns a |Dictionary| with default values if there is no location list for the window {nr}. Returns an empty Dictionary if window {nr} does not exist. Examples (See also |getqflist-examples|): :echo getloclist(3, {'all': 0}) :echo getloclist(5, {'filewinid': 0})

Without the {expr} argument returns a |List| with information about all the global marks. |mark| If the optional {expr} argument is specified, returns the local marks defined in buffer {expr}. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()|. Each item in the returned List is a |Dict| with the following: mark name of the mark prefixed by "'" pos a |List| with the position of the mark: [bufnum, lnum, col, off] Refer to |getpos()| for more information. file file name Refer to |getpos()| for getting information about a specific mark. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBufnr()->getmarklist()

Returns a |List| with all matches previously defined for the current window by |matchadd()| and the |:match| commands. |getmatches()| is useful in combination with |setmatches()|, as |setmatches()| can restore a list of matches saved by |getmatches()|. If {win} is specified, use the window with this number or window ID instead of the current window. Example: :echo getmatches() [{'group': 'MyGroup1', 'pattern': 'TODO', 'priority': 10, 'id': 1}, {'group': 'MyGroup2', 'pattern': 'FIXME', 'priority': 10, 'id': 2}] :let m = getmatches() :call clearmatches() :echo getmatches() [] :call setmatches(m) :echo getmatches() [{'group': 'MyGroup1', 'pattern': 'TODO', 'priority': 10, 'id': 1}, {'group': 'MyGroup2', 'pattern': 'FIXME', 'priority': 10, 'id': 2}] :unlet m

Return a Number which is the process ID of the Vim process. On Unix and MS-Windows this is a unique number, until Vim exits.

Get the position for {expr}. For possible values of {expr} see |line()|. For getting the cursor position see |getcurpos()|. The result is a |List| with four numbers: [bufnum, lnum, col, off] "bufnum" is zero, unless a mark like '0 or 'A is used, then it is the buffer number of the mark. "lnum" and "col" are the position in the buffer. The first column is 1. The "off" number is zero, unless 'virtualedit' is used. Then it is the offset in screen columns from the start of the character. E.g., a position within a or after the last character. Note that for '< and '> Visual mode matters: when it is "V" (visual line mode) the column of '< is zero and the column of '> is a large number. This can be used to save and restore the position of a mark: let save_a_mark = getpos("'a") ... call setpos("'a", save_a_mark) Also see |getcurpos()| and |setpos()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetMark()->getpos()

Returns a |List| with all the current quickfix errors. Each list item is a dictionary with these entries: bufnr number of buffer that has the file name, use bufname() to get the name module module name lnum line number in the buffer (first line is 1) end_lnum end of line number if the item is multiline col column number (first column is 1) end_col end of column number if the item has range vcol |TRUE|: "col" is visual column |FALSE|: "col" is byte index nr error number pattern search pattern used to locate the error text description of the error type type of the error, 'E', '1', etc. valid |TRUE|: recognized error message When there is no error list or it's empty, an empty list is returned. Quickfix list entries with a non-existing buffer number are returned with "bufnr" set to zero (Note: some functions accept buffer number zero for the alternate buffer, you may need to explicitly check for zero). Useful application: Find pattern matches in multiple files and do something with them: :vimgrep /theword/jg *.c :for d in getqflist() : echo bufname(d.bufnr) ':' d.lnum '=' d.text :endfor If the optional {what} dictionary argument is supplied, then returns only the items listed in {what} as a dictionary. The following string items are supported in {what}: changedtick get the total number of changes made to the list |quickfix-changedtick| context get the |quickfix-context| efm errorformat to use when parsing "lines". If not present, then the 'errorformat' option value is used. id get information for the quickfix list with |quickfix-ID|; zero means the id for the current list or the list specified by "nr" idx get information for the quickfix entry at this index in the list specified by 'id' or 'nr'. If set to zero, then uses the current entry. See |quickfix-index| items quickfix list entries lines parse a list of lines using 'efm' and return the resulting entries. Only a |List| type is accepted. The current quickfix list is not modified. See |quickfix-parse|. nr get information for this quickfix list; zero means the current quickfix list and "$" means the last quickfix list qfbufnr number of the buffer displayed in the quickfix window. Returns 0 if the quickfix buffer is not present. See |quickfix-buffer|. size number of entries in the quickfix list title get the list title |quickfix-title| winid get the quickfix |window-ID| all all of the above quickfix properties Non-string items in {what} are ignored. To get the value of a particular item, set it to zero. If "nr" is not present then the current quickfix list is used. If both "nr" and a non-zero "id" are specified, then the list specified by "id" is used. To get the number of lists in the quickfix stack, set "nr" to "$" in {what}. The "nr" value in the returned dictionary contains the quickfix stack size. When "lines" is specified, all the other items except "efm" are ignored. The returned dictionary contains the entry "items" with the list of entries. The returned dictionary contains the following entries: changedtick total number of changes made to the list |quickfix-changedtick| context quickfix list context. See |quickfix-context| If not present, set to "". id quickfix list ID |quickfix-ID|. If not present, set to 0. idx index of the quickfix entry in the list. If not present, set to 0. items quickfix list entries. If not present, set to an empty list. nr quickfix list number. If not present, set to 0 qfbufnr number of the buffer displayed in the quickfix window. If not present, set to 0. size number of entries in the quickfix list. If not present, set to 0. title quickfix list title text. If not present, set to "". winid quickfix |window-ID|. If not present, set to 0 Examples (See also |getqflist-examples|): :echo getqflist({'all': 1}) :echo getqflist({'nr': 2, 'title': 1}) :echo getqflist({'lines' : ["F1:10:L10"]})

The result is a String, which is the contents of register {regname}. Example: :let cliptext = getreg('*') When {regname} was not set the result is an empty string. getreg('=') returns the last evaluated value of the expression register. (For use in maps.) getreg('=', 1) returns the expression itself, so that it can be restored with |setreg()|. For other registers the extra argument is ignored, thus you can always give it. If {list} is present and |TRUE|, the result type is changed to |List|. Each list item is one text line. Use it if you care about zero bytes possibly present inside register: without third argument both NLs and zero bytes are represented as NLs (see |NL-used-for-Nul|). When the register was not set an empty list is returned. If {regname} is not specified, |v:register| is used. In |Vim9-script| {regname} must be one character. Can also be used as a |method|: GetRegname()->getreg()

The result is a String, which is type of register {regname}. The value will be one of: "v" for |characterwise| text "V" for |linewise| text "{width}" for |blockwise-visual| text "" for an empty or unknown register is one character with value 0x16. If {regname} is not specified, |v:register| is used. In |Vim9-script| {regname} must be one character. Can also be used as a |method|: GetRegname()->getregtype()

If {tabnr} is not specified, then information about all the tab pages is returned as a |List|. Each List item is a |Dictionary|. Otherwise, {tabnr} specifies the tab page number and information about that one is returned. If the tab page does not exist an empty List is returned. Each List item is a |Dictionary| with the following entries: tabnr tab page number. variables a reference to the dictionary with tabpage-local variables windows List of |window-ID|s in the tab page. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTabnr()->gettabinfo()

Get the value of a tab-local variable {varname} in tab page {tabnr}. |t:var| Tabs are numbered starting with one. When {varname} is empty a dictionary with all tab-local variables is returned. Note that the name without "t:" must be used. When the tab or variable doesn't exist {def} or an empty string is returned, there is no error message. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTabnr()->gettabvar(varname)

Get the value of window-local variable {varname} in window {winnr} in tab page {tabnr}. When {varname} is empty a dictionary with all window-local variables is returned. When {varname} is equal to "&" get the values of all window-local options in a |Dictionary|. Otherwise, when {varname} starts with "&" get the value of a window-local option. Note that {varname} must be the name without "w:". Tabs are numbered starting with one. For the current tabpage use |getwinvar()|. {winnr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {winnr} is zero the current window is used. This also works for a global option, buffer-local option and window-local option, but it doesn't work for a global variable or buffer-local variable. When the tab, window or variable doesn't exist {def} or an empty string is returned, there is no error message. Examples: :let list_is_on = gettabwinvar(1, 2, '&list') :echo "myvar = " . gettabwinvar(3, 1, 'myvar') To obtain all window-local variables use: gettabwinvar({tabnr}, {winnr}, '&') Can also be used as a |method|: GetTabnr()->gettabwinvar(winnr, varname)

The result is a Dict, which is the tag stack of window {winnr}. {winnr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {winnr} is not specified, the current window is used. When window {winnr} doesn't exist, an empty Dict is returned. The returned dictionary contains the following entries: curidx Current index in the stack. When at top of the stack, set to (length + 1). Index of bottom of the stack is 1. items List of items in the stack. Each item is a dictionary containing the entries described below. length Number of entries in the stack. Each item in the stack is a dictionary with the following entries: bufnr buffer number of the current jump from cursor position before the tag jump. See |getpos()| for the format of the returned list. matchnr current matching tag number. Used when multiple matching tags are found for a name. tagname name of the tag See |tagstack| for more information about the tag stack. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->gettagstack()

Returns information about windows as a |List| with Dictionaries. If {winid} is given Information about the window with that ID is returned, as a |List| with one item. If the window does not exist the result is an empty list. Without {winid} information about all the windows in all the tab pages is returned. Each List item is a |Dictionary| with the following entries: botline last complete displayed buffer line bufnr number of buffer in the window height window height (excluding winbar) loclist 1 if showing a location list {only with the +quickfix feature} quickfix 1 if quickfix or location list window {only with the +quickfix feature} terminal 1 if a terminal window {only with the +terminal feature} tabnr tab page number topline first displayed buffer line variables a reference to the dictionary with window-local variables width window width winbar 1 if the window has a toolbar, 0 otherwise wincol leftmost screen column of the window; "col" from |win_screenpos()| winid |window-ID| winnr window number winrow topmost screen line of the window; "row" from |win_screenpos()| Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->getwininfo()

The result is a |List| with two numbers, the result of |getwinposx()| and |getwinposy()| combined: [x-pos, y-pos] {timeout} can be used to specify how long to wait in msec for a response from the terminal. When omitted 100 msec is used. Use a longer time for a remote terminal. When using a value less than 10 and no response is received within that time, a previously reported position is returned, if available. This can be used to poll for the position and do some work in the meantime: while 1 let res = getwinpos(1) if res[0] >= 0 break endif " Do some work here endwhile Can also be used as a |method|: GetTimeout()->getwinpos()

The result is a Number, which is the X coordinate in pixels of the left hand side of the GUI Vim window. Also works for an xterm (uses a timeout of 100 msec). The result will be -1 if the information is not available. The value can be used with :winpos.

The result is a Number, which is the Y coordinate in pixels of the top of the GUI Vim window. Also works for an xterm (uses a timeout of 100 msec). The result will be -1 if the information is not available. The value can be used with :winpos.

Like |gettabwinvar()| for the current tabpage. Examples: :let list_is_on = getwinvar(2, '&list') :echo "myvar = " . getwinvar(1, 'myvar') Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->getwinvar(varname)

Expand the file wildcards in {expr}. See |wildcards| for the use of special characters. Unless the optional {nosuf} argument is given and is |TRUE|, the 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' options apply: Names matching one of the patterns in 'wildignore' will be skipped and 'suffixes' affect the ordering of matches. 'wildignorecase' always applies. When {list} is present and it is |TRUE| the result is a |List| with all matching files. The advantage of using a List is, you also get filenames containing newlines correctly. Otherwise the result is a String and when there are several matches, they are separated by characters. If the expansion fails, the result is an empty String or List. You can also use |readdir()| if you need to do complicated things, such as limiting the number of matches. A name for a non-existing file is not included. A symbolic link is only included if it points to an existing file. However, when the {alllinks} argument is present and it is |TRUE| then all symbolic links are included. For most systems backticks can be used to get files names from any external command. Example: :let tagfiles = glob("find . -name tags -print") :let &tags = substitute(tagfiles, "\n", ",", "g") The result of the program inside the backticks should be one item per line. Spaces inside an item are allowed. See |expand()| for expanding special Vim variables. See |system()| for getting the raw output of an external command. Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->glob()

Convert a file pattern, as used by glob(), into a search pattern. The result can be used to match with a string that is a file name. E.g. if filename =~ glob2regpat('Make*.mak') This is equivalent to: if filename =~ '^Make.*.mak$' When {expr} is an empty string the result is "^$", match an empty string. Note that the result depends on the system. On MS-Windows a backslash usually means a path separator. Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->glob2regpat()

Perform glob() for {expr} on all directories in {path} and concatenate the results. Example: :echo globpath(&rtp, "syntax/c.vim") {path} is a comma-separated list of directory names. Each directory name is prepended to {expr} and expanded like with |glob()|. A path separator is inserted when needed. To add a comma inside a directory name escape it with a backslash. Note that on MS-Windows a directory may have a trailing backslash, remove it if you put a comma after it. If the expansion fails for one of the directories, there is no error message. Unless the optional {nosuf} argument is given and is |TRUE|, the 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' options apply: Names matching one of the patterns in 'wildignore' will be skipped and 'suffixes' affect the ordering of matches. When {list} is present and it is |TRUE| the result is a |List| with all matching files. The advantage of using a List is, you also get filenames containing newlines correctly. Otherwise the result is a String and when there are several matches, they are separated by characters. Example: :echo globpath(&rtp, "syntax/c.vim", 0, 1) {alllinks} is used as with |glob()|. The "" item can be used to search in a directory tree. For example, to find all "README.txt" files in the directories in 'runtimepath' and below: :echo globpath(&rtp, " /README.txt") Upwards search and limiting the depth of "**" is not supported, thus using 'path' will not always work properly. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetExpr()->globpath(&rtp)

Returns 1 if {feature} is supported, 0 otherwise. The {feature} argument is a feature name like "nvim-0.2.1" or "win32", see below. See also |exists()|.

The result is a Number, which is TRUE if |Dictionary| {dict} has an entry with key {key}. FALSE otherwise. Can also be used as a |method|: mydict->has_key(key)

The result is a Number: 1 when the window has set a local directory via |:lcd| 2 when the tab-page has set a local directory via |:tcd| 0 otherwise. Without arguments use the current window. With {winnr} use this window in the current tab page. With {winnr} and {tabnr} use the window in the specified tab page. {winnr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. If {winnr} is -1 it is ignored and only the tabpage is used. Return 0 if the arguments are invalid. Examples: if haslocaldir() == 1 " window local directory case elseif haslocaldir() == 2 " tab-local directory case else " global directory case endif " current window :echo haslocaldir() :echo haslocaldir(0) :echo haslocaldir(0, 0) " window n in current tab page :echo haslocaldir(n) :echo haslocaldir(n, 0) " window n in tab page m :echo haslocaldir(n, m) " tab page m :echo haslocaldir(-1, m) Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->haslocaldir()

The result is a Number, which is TRUE if there is a mapping that contains {what} in somewhere in the rhs (what it is mapped to) and this mapping exists in one of the modes indicated by {mode}. When {abbr} is there and it is |TRUE| use abbreviations instead of mappings. Don't forget to specify Insert and/or Command-line mode. Both the global mappings and the mappings local to the current buffer are checked for a match. If no matching mapping is found FALSE is returned. The following characters are recognized in {mode}: n Normal mode v Visual and Select mode x Visual mode s Select mode o Operator-pending mode i Insert mode l Language-Argument ("r", "f", "t", etc.) c Command-line mode When {mode} is omitted, "nvo" is used. This function is useful to check if a mapping already exists to a function in a Vim script. Example: :if !hasmapto('\ABCdoit') : map d \ABCdoit :endif This installs the mapping to "\ABCdoit" only if there isn't already a mapping to "\ABCdoit". Can also be used as a |method|: GetRHS()->hasmapto()

Add the String {item} to the history {history} which can be one of: "cmd" or ":" command line history "search" or "/" search pattern history "expr" or "=" typed expression history "input" or "@" input line history "debug" or ">" debug command history empty the current or last used history The {history} string does not need to be the whole name, one character is sufficient. If {item} does already exist in the history, it will be shifted to become the newest entry. The result is a Number: TRUE if the operation was successful, otherwise FALSE is returned. Example: :call histadd("input", strftime("%Y %b %d")) :let date=input("Enter date: ") This function is not available in the |sandbox|. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetHistory()->histadd('search')

Clear {history}, i.e. delete all its entries. See |hist-names| for the possible values of {history}. If the parameter {item} evaluates to a String, it is used as a regular expression. All entries matching that expression will be removed from the history (if there are any). Upper/lowercase must match, unless "\c" is used |/\c|. If {item} evaluates to a Number, it will be interpreted as an index, see |:history-indexing|. The respective entry will be removed if it exists. The result is TRUE for a successful operation, otherwise FALSE is returned. Examples: Clear expression register history: :call histdel("expr") Remove all entries starting with "*" from the search history: :call histdel("/", '^{*') The following three are equivalent: :call histdel("search", histnr("search")) :call histdel("search", -1) :call histdel("search", '}'.histget("search", -1).'$') To delete the last search pattern and use the last-but-one for the "n" command and 'hlsearch': :call histdel("search", -1) :let @/ = histget("search", -1) Can also be used as a |method|: GetHistory()->histdel()

The result is a String, the entry with Number {index} from {history}. See |hist-names| for the possible values of {history}, and |:history-indexing| for {index}. If there is no such entry, an empty String is returned. When {index} is omitted, the most recent item from the history is used. Examples: Redo the second last search from history. :execute '/' . histget("search", -2) Define an Ex command ":H {num}" that supports re-execution of the {num}th entry from the output of |:history|. :command -nargs=1 H execute histget("cmd", 0+) Can also be used as a |method|: GetHistory()->histget()

The result is the Number of the current entry in {history}. See |hist-names| for the possible values of {history}. If an error occurred, -1 is returned. Example: :let inp_index = histnr("expr") Can also be used as a |method|: GetHistory()->histnr()

The result is a Number, which is TRUE if a highlight group called {name} exists. This is when the group has been defined in some way. Not necessarily when highlighting has been defined for it, it may also have been used for a syntax item. Obsolete name: highlight_exists(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->hlexists()

The result is a Number, which is the ID of the highlight group with name {name}. When the highlight group doesn't exist, zero is returned. This can be used to retrieve information about the highlight group. For example, to get the background color of the "Comment" group: :echo synIDattr(synIDtrans(hlID("Comment")), "bg") Obsolete name: highlightID(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->hlID()

The result is a String, which is the name of the machine on which Vim is currently running. Machine names greater than 256 characters long are truncated.

The result is a String, which is the text {expr} converted from encoding {from} to encoding {to}. When the conversion completely fails an empty string is returned. When some characters could not be converted they are replaced with "?". The encoding names are whatever the iconv() library function can accept, see ":!man 3 iconv". Most conversions require Vim to be compiled with the |+iconv| feature. Otherwise only UTF-8 to latin1 conversion and back can be done. This can be used to display messages with special characters, no matter what 'encoding' is set to. Write the message in UTF-8 and use: echo iconv(utf8_str, "utf-8", &enc) Note that Vim uses UTF-8 for all Unicode encodings, conversion from/to UCS-2 is automatically changed to use UTF-8. You cannot use UCS-2 in a string anyway, because of the NUL bytes. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->iconv('latin1', 'utf-8')

The result is a Number, which is indent of line {lnum} in the current buffer. The indent is counted in spaces, the value of 'tabstop' is relevant. {lnum} is used just like in |getline()|. When {lnum} is invalid -1 is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->indent()

If {object} is a |List| return the lowest index where the item has a value equal to {expr}. There is no automatic conversion, so the String "4" is different from the Number 4. And the number 4 is different from the Float 4.0. The value of 'ignorecase' is not used here, case always matters. If {object} is |Blob| return the lowest index where the byte value is equal to {expr}. If {start} is given then start looking at the item with index {start} (may be negative for an item relative to the end). When {ic} is given and it is |TRUE|, ignore case. Otherwise case must match. -1 is returned when {expr} is not found in {object}. Example: :let idx = index(words, "the") :if index(numbers, 123) >= 0 Can also be used as a |method|: GetObject()->index(what)

The result is a String, which is whatever the user typed on the command-line. The {prompt} argument is either a prompt string, or a blank string (for no prompt). A '\n' can be used in the prompt to start a new line. The highlighting set with |:echohl| is used for the prompt. The input is entered just like a command-line, with the same editing commands and mappings. There is a separate history for lines typed for input(). Example: :if input("Coffee or beer? ") == "beer" : echo "Cheers!" :endif If the optional {text} argument is present and not empty, this is used for the default reply, as if the user typed this. Example: :let color = input("Color? ", "white") The optional {completion} argument specifies the type of completion supported for the input. Without it completion is not performed. The supported completion types are the same as that can be supplied to a user-defined command using the "-complete=" argument. Refer to |:command-completion| for more information. Example: let fname = input("File: ", "", "file") NOTE: This function must not be used in a startup file, for the versions that only run in GUI mode (e.g., the Win32 GUI). Note: When input() is called from within a mapping it will consume remaining characters from that mapping, because a mapping is handled like the characters were typed. Use |inputsave()| before input() and |inputrestore()| after input() to avoid that. Another solution is to avoid that further characters follow in the mapping, e.g., by using |:execute| or |:normal|. Example with a mapping: :nmap \x :call GetFoo():exe "/" . Foo<CR :function GetFoo() : call inputsave() : let g:Foo = input("enter search pattern: ") : call inputrestore() :endfunction Can also be used as a |method|: GetPrompt()->input()

{textlist} must be a |List| of strings. This |List| is displayed, one string per line. The user will be prompted to enter a number, which is returned. The user can also select an item by clicking on it with the mouse. For the first string 0 is returned. When clicking above the first item a negative number is returned. When clicking on the prompt one more than the length of {textlist} is returned. Make sure {textlist} has less than 'lines' entries, otherwise it won't work. It's a good idea to put the entry number at the start of the string. And put a prompt in the first item. Example: let color = inputlist(['Select color:', '1. red', \ '2. green', '3. blue']) Can also be used as a |method|: GetChoices()->inputlist()

Restore typeahead that was saved with a previous |inputsave()|. Should be called the same number of times inputsave() is called. Calling it more often is harmless though. Returns 1 when there is nothing to restore, 0 otherwise.

Preserve typeahead (also from mappings) and clear it, so that a following prompt gets input from the user. Should be followed by a matching inputrestore() after the prompt. Can be used several times, in which case there must be just as many inputrestore() calls. Returns 1 when out of memory, 0 otherwise.

This function acts much like the |input()| function with but two exceptions: a) the user's response will be displayed as a sequence of asterisks ("*") thereby keeping the entry secret, and b) the user's response will not be recorded on the input |history| stack. The result is a String, which is whatever the user actually typed on the command-line in response to the issued prompt. NOTE: Command-line completion is not supported. Can also be used as a |method|: GetPrompt()->inputsecret()

When {object} is a |List| or a |Blob| insert {item} at the start of it. If {idx} is specified insert {item} before the item with index {idx}. If {idx} is zero it goes before the first item, just like omitting {idx}. A negative {idx} is also possible, see |list-index|. -1 inserts just before the last item. Returns the resulting |List| or |Blob|. Examples: :let mylist = insert([2, 3, 5], 1) :call insert(mylist, 4, -1) :call insert(mylist, 6, len(mylist)) The last example can be done simpler with |add()|. Note that when {item} is a |List| it is inserted as a single item. Use |extend()| to concatenate |Lists|. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->insert(item)

Interrupt script execution. It works more or less like the user typing CTRL-C, most commands won't execute and control returns to the user. This is useful to abort execution from lower down, e.g. in an autocommand. Example: :function s:check_typoname(file) : if fnamemodify(a:file, ':t') == '[' : echomsg 'Maybe typo' : call interrupt() : endif :endfunction :au BufWritePre * call s:check_typoname(expand(''))

Bitwise invert. The argument is converted to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. Example: :let bits = invert(bits) Can also be used as a |method|: :let bits = bits->invert()

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| when a directory with the name {directory} exists. If {directory} doesn't exist, or isn't a directory, the result is |FALSE|. {directory} is any expression, which is used as a String. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->isdirectory()

Return 1 if {expr} is a positive infinity, or -1 a negative infinity, otherwise 0. :echo isinf(1.0 / 0.0) 1 :echo isinf(-1.0 / 0.0) -1 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->isinf() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

The result is a Number, which is |TRUE| when {expr} is the name of a locked variable. {expr} must be the name of a variable, |List| item or |Dictionary| entry, not the variable itself! Example: :let alist = [0, ['a', 'b'], 2, 3] :lockvar 1 alist :echo islocked('alist') " 1 :echo islocked('alist[1]') " 0 When {expr} is a variable that does not exist you get an error message. Use |exists()| to check for existence. In Vim9 script it does not work for local variables. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->islocked()

Return |TRUE| if {expr} is a float with value NaN. echo isnan(0.0 / 0.0) 1 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->isnan() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return true if the value is Position.

Return true if the value is ScreenPos.

Check if the value is valid BuiltinCompletion

Return a |List| with all the key-value pairs of {dict}. Each |List| item is a list with two items: the key of a {dict} entry and the value of this entry. The |List| is in arbitrary order. Also see |keys()| and |values()|. Example: for [key, value] in items(mydict) echo key . ': ' . value endfor Can also be used as a |method|: mydict->items()

Join the items in {list} together into one String. When {sep} is specified it is put in between the items. If {sep} is omitted a single space is used. Note that {sep} is not added at the end. You might want to add it there too: let lines = join(mylist, "\n") . "\n" String items are used as-is. |Lists| and |Dictionaries| are converted into a string like with |string()|. The opposite function is |split()|. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->join()

This parses a JSON formatted string and returns the equivalent in Vim values. See |json_encode()| for the relation between JSON and Vim values. The decoding is permissive:

• A trailing comma in an array and object is ignored, e.g. "[1, 2, ]" is the same as "[1, 2]".
• Integer keys are accepted in objects, e.g. {1:2} is the same as {"1":2}.
• More floating point numbers are recognized, e.g. "1." for "1.0", or "001.2" for "1.2". Special floating point values "Infinity", "-Infinity" and "NaN" (capitalization ignored) are accepted.
• Leading zeroes in integer numbers are ignored, e.g. "012" for "12" or "-012" for "-12".
• Capitalization is ignored in literal names null, true or false, e.g. "NULL" for "null", "True" for "true".
• Control characters U+0000 through U+001F which are not escaped in strings are accepted, e.g. " " (tab character in string) for "\t".
• An empty JSON expression or made of only spaces is accepted and results in v:none.
• Backslash in an invalid 2-character sequence escape is ignored, e.g. "\a" is decoded as "a".
• A correct surrogate pair in JSON strings should normally be a 12 character sequence such as "\uD834\uDD1E", but json_decode() silently accepts truncated surrogate pairs such as "\uD834" or "\uD834\u" A duplicate key in an object, valid in rfc7159, is not accepted by json_decode() as the result must be a valid Vim type, e.g. this fails: {"a":"b", "a":"c"} Can also be used as a |method|: ReadObject()->json_decode()

Encode {expr} as JSON and return this as a string. The encoding is specified in: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159.html Vim values are converted as follows: |Number| decimal number |Float| floating point number Float nan "NaN" Float inf "Infinity" Float -inf "-Infinity" |String| in double quotes (possibly null) |Funcref| not possible, error |List| as an array (possibly null); when used recursively: [] |Dict| as an object (possibly null); when used recursively: {} |Blob| as an array of the individual bytes v:false "false" v:true "true" v:none "null" v:null "null" Note that NaN and Infinity are passed on as values. This is missing in the JSON standard, but several implementations do allow it. If not then you will get an error. Can also be used as a |method|: GetObject()->json_encode()

Return a |List| with all the keys of {dict}. The |List| is in arbitrary order. Also see |items()| and |values()|. Can also be used as a |method|: mydict->keys()

When {expr} is a String or a Number the length in bytes is used, as with |strlen()|. When {expr} is a |List| the number of items in the |List| is returned. When {expr} is a |Blob| the number of bytes is returned. When {expr} is a |Dictionary| the number of entries in the |Dictionary| is returned. Otherwise an error is given. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->len()

Call function {funcname} in the run-time library {libname} with single argument {argument}. This is useful to call functions in a library that you especially made to be used with Vim. Since only one argument is possible, calling standard library functions is rather limited. The result is the String returned by the function. If the function returns NULL, this will appear as an empty string "" to Vim. If the function returns a number, use libcallnr()! If {argument} is a number, it is passed to the function as an int; if {argument} is a string, it is passed as a null-terminated string. This function will fail in |restricted-mode|. libcall() allows you to write your own 'plug-in' extensions to Vim without having to recompile the program. It is NOT a means to call system functions! If you try to do so Vim will very probably crash. For Win32, the functions you write must be placed in a DLL and use the normal C calling convention (NOT Pascal which is used in Windows System DLLs). The function must take exactly one parameter, either a character pointer or a long integer, and must return a character pointer or NULL. The character pointer returned must point to memory that will remain valid after the function has returned (e.g. in static data in the DLL). If it points to allocated memory, that memory will leak away. Using a static buffer in the function should work, it's then freed when the DLL is unloaded. WARNING: If the function returns a non-valid pointer, Vim may crash! This also happens if the function returns a number, because Vim thinks it's a pointer. For Win32 systems, {libname} should be the filename of the DLL without the ".DLL" suffix. A full path is only required if the DLL is not in the usual places. For Unix: When compiling your own plugins, remember that the object code must be compiled as position-independent ('PIC'). {only in Win32 and some Unix versions, when the |+libcall| feature is present} Examples: :echo libcall("libc.so", "getenv", "HOME") Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the third argument: GetValue()->libcall("libc.so", "getenv")

Just like |libcall()|, but used for a function that returns an int instead of a string. {only in Win32 on some Unix versions, when the |+libcall| feature is present} Examples: :echo libcallnr("/usr/lib/libc.so", "getpid", "") :call libcallnr("libc.so", "printf", "Hello World!\n") :call libcallnr("libc.so", "sleep", 10) Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the third argument: GetValue()->libcallnr("libc.so", "printf")

The result is a Number, which is the line number of the file position given with {expr}. The accepted positions are: . the cursor position $ the last line in the current buffer 'x position of mark x (if the mark is not set, 0 is returned) w0 first line visible in current window (one if the display isn't updated, e.g. in silent Ex mode) w$ last line visible in current window (this is one less than "w0" if no lines are visible) v In Visual mode: the start of the Visual area (the cursor is the end). When not in Visual mode returns the cursor position. Differs from |'<| in that it's updated right away. Note that a mark in another file can be used. The line number then applies to another buffer. To get the column number use |col()|. To get both use |getpos()|. Examples: line(".") line number of the cursor line("'t") line number of mark t line("'" . marker) line number of mark marker To jump to the last known position when opening a file see |last-position-jump|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetValue()->line()

Return the byte count from the start of the buffer for line {lnum}. This includes the end-of-line character, depending on the 'fileformat' option for the current buffer. The first line returns 1. 'encoding' matters, 'fileencoding' is ignored. This can also be used to get the byte count for the line just below the last line: line2byte(line("$") + 1) This is the buffer size plus one. If 'fileencoding' is empty it is the file size plus one. When {lnum} is invalid, or the |+byte_offset| feature has been disabled at compile time, -1 is returned. Also see |byte2line()|, |go| and |:goto|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->line2byte()

Get the amount of indent for line {lnum} according the lisp indenting rules, as with 'lisp'. The indent is counted in spaces, the value of 'tabstop' is relevant. {lnum} is used just like in |getline()|. When {lnum} is invalid or Vim was not compiled the |+lispindent| feature, -1 is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->lispindent()

Convert each number in {list} to a character string can concatenate them all. Examples: list2str([32]) returns " " list2str([65, 66, 67]) returns "ABC" The same can be done (slowly) with: join(map(list, {nr, val -> nr2char(val)}), '') |str2list()| does the opposite. When {utf8} is omitted or zero, the current 'encoding' is used. With {utf8} is 1, always return utf-8 characters. With utf-8 composing characters work as expected: list2str([97, 769]) returns "á" Can also be used as a |method|: GetList()->list2str()

Return the current time, measured as seconds since 1st Jan 1970. See also |strftime()|, |strptime()| and |getftime()|.

Return the natural logarithm (base e) of {expr} as a |Float|. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number| in the range (0, inf]. Examples: :echo log(10) 2.302585 :echo log(exp(5)) 5.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->log() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the logarithm of Float {expr} to base 10 as a |Float|. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo log10(1000) 3.0 :echo log10(0.01) -2.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->log10() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

{expr1} must be a |List|, |Blob| or |Dictionary|. Replace each item in {expr1} with the result of evaluating {expr2}. For a |Blob| each byte is replaced. If the item type changes you may want to use |mapnew()| to create a new List or Dictionary. This is required when using Vim9 script. {expr2} must be a |string| or |Funcref|. If {expr2} is a |string|, inside {expr2} |v:val| has the value of the current item. For a |Dictionary| |v:key| has the key of the current item and for a |List| |v:key| has the index of the current item. Example: :call map(mylist, '"> " . v:val . " <"') This puts "> " before and " <" after each item in "mylist". Note that {expr2} is the result of an expression and is then used as an expression again. Often it is good to use a |literal-string| to avoid having to double backslashes. You still have to double ' quotes If {expr2} is a |Funcref| it is called with two arguments: 1. The key or the index of the current item. 2. the value of the current item. The function must return the new value of the item. Example that changes each value by "key-value": func KeyValue(key, val) return a:key . '-' . a:val endfunc call map(myDict, function('KeyValue')) It is shorter when using a |lambda|: call map(myDict, {key, val -> key . '-' . val}) If you do not use "val" you can leave it out: call map(myDict, {key -> 'item: ' . key}) If you do not use "key" you can use a short name: call map(myDict, {_, val -> 'item: ' . val}) The operation is done in-place. If you want a |List| or |Dictionary| to remain unmodified make a copy first: :let tlist = map(copy(mylist), ' v:val . "\t"') Returns {expr1}, the |List|, |Blob| or |Dictionary| that was filtered. When an error is encountered while evaluating {expr2} no further items in {expr1} are processed. When {expr2} is a Funcref errors inside a function are ignored, unless it was defined with the "abort" flag. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->map(expr2)

When {dict} is omitted or zero: Return the rhs of mapping {name} in mode {mode}. The returned String has special characters translated like in the output of the ":map" command listing. When there is no mapping for {name}, an empty String is returned. When the mapping for {name} is empty, then "" is returned. The {name} can have special key names, like in the ":map" command. {mode} can be one of these strings: "n" Normal "v" Visual (including Select) "o" Operator-pending "i" Insert "c" Cmd-line "s" Select "x" Visual "l" langmap |language-mapping| "t" Terminal-Job "" Normal, Visual and Operator-pending When {mode} is omitted, the modes for "" are used. When {abbr} is there and it is |TRUE| use abbreviations instead of mappings. When {dict} is there and it is |TRUE| return a dictionary containing all the information of the mapping with the following items: "lhs" The {lhs} of the mapping as it would be typed "lhsraw" The {lhs} of the mapping as raw bytes "lhsrawalt" The {lhs} of the mapping as raw bytes, alternate form, only present when it differs from "lhsraw" "rhs" The {rhs} of the mapping as typed. "silent" 1 for a |:map-silent| mapping, else 0. "noremap" 1 if the {rhs} of the mapping is not remappable. "script" 1 if mapping was defined with . "expr" 1 for an expression mapping (|:map-|). "buffer" 1 for a buffer local mapping (|:map-local|). "mode" Modes for which the mapping is defined. In addition to the modes mentioned above, these characters will be used: " " Normal, Visual and Operator-pending "!" Insert and Commandline mode (|mapmode-ic|) "sid" The script local ID, used for mappings (||). "lnum" The line number in "sid", zero if unknown. "nowait" Do not wait for other, longer mappings. (|:map-|). The dictionary can be used to restore a mapping with |mapset()|. The mappings local to the current buffer are checked first, then the global mappings. This function can be used to map a key even when it's already mapped, and have it do the original mapping too. Sketch: exe 'nnoremap ==' . maparg('', 'n') Can also be used as a |method|: GetKey()->maparg('n')

Check if there is a mapping that matches with {name} in mode {mode}. See |maparg()| for {mode} and special names in {name}. When {abbr} is there and it is |TRUE| use abbreviations instead of mappings. A match happens with a mapping that starts with {name} and with a mapping which is equal to the start of {name}. matches mapping "a" "ab" "abc" ~ mapcheck("a") yes yes yes mapcheck("abc") yes yes yes mapcheck("ax") yes no no mapcheck("b") no no no The difference with maparg() is that mapcheck() finds a mapping that matches with {name}, while maparg() only finds a mapping for {name} exactly. When there is no mapping that starts with {name}, an empty String is returned. If there is one, the RHS of that mapping is returned. If there are several mappings that start with {name}, the RHS of one of them is returned. This will be "" if the RHS is empty. The mappings local to the current buffer are checked first, then the global mappings. This function can be used to check if a mapping can be added without being ambiguous. Example: :if mapcheck("_vv") == "" : map _vv :set guifont=7x13<CR :endif This avoids adding the "_vv" mapping when there already is a mapping for "_v" or for "_vvv". Can also be used as a |method|: GetKey()->mapcheck('n')

When {expr} is a |List| then this returns the index of the first item where {pat} matches. Each item is used as a String, |Lists| and |Dictionaries| are used as echoed. Otherwise, {expr} is used as a String. The result is a Number, which gives the index (byte offset) in {expr} where {pat} matches. A match at the first character or |List| item returns zero. If there is no match -1 is returned. For getting submatches see |matchlist()|. Example: :echo match("testing", "ing") " results in 4 :echo match([1, 'x'], '\a') " results in 1 See |string-match| for how {pat} is used. Vim doesn't have a strpbrk() function. But you can do: :let sepidx = match(line, '[.,;: \t]') Vim doesn't have a strcasestr() function. But you can add "\c" to the pattern to ignore case: :let idx = match(haystack, '\cneedle') If {start} is given, the search starts from byte index {start} in a String or item {start} in a |List|. The result, however, is still the index counted from the first character/item. Example: :echo match("testing", "ing", 2) result is again "4". :echo match("testing", "ing", 4) result is again "4". :echo match("testing", "t", 2) result is "3". For a String, if {start} > 0 then it is like the string starts {start} bytes later, thus "^" will match at {start}. Except when {count} is given, then it's like matches before the {start} byte are ignored (this is a bit complicated to keep it backwards compatible). For a String, if {start} < 0, it will be set to 0. For a list the index is counted from the end. If {start} is out of range ({start} > strlen({expr}) for a String or {start} > len({expr}) for a |List|) -1 is returned. When {count} is given use the {count}'th match. When a match is found in a String the search for the next one starts one character further. Thus this example results in 1: echo match("testing", "..", 0, 2) In a |List| the search continues in the next item. Note that when {count} is added the way {start} works changes, see above. See |pattern| for the patterns that are accepted. The 'ignorecase' option is used to set the ignore-caseness of the pattern. 'smartcase' is NOT used. The matching is always done like 'magic' is set and 'cpoptions' is empty. Note that a match at the start is preferred, thus when the pattern is using "*" (any number of matches) it tends to find zero matches at the start instead of a number of matches further down in the text. Can also be used as a |method|: GetList()->match('word')

Defines a pattern to be highlighted in the current window (a "match"). It will be highlighted with {group}. Returns an identification number (ID), which can be used to delete the match using |matchdelete()|. The ID is bound to the window. Matching is case sensitive and magic, unless case sensitivity or magicness are explicitly overridden in {pattern}. The 'magic', 'smartcase' and 'ignorecase' options are not used. The "Conceal" value is special, it causes the match to be concealed. The optional {priority} argument assigns a priority to the match. A match with a high priority will have its highlighting overrule that of a match with a lower priority. A priority is specified as an integer (negative numbers are no exception). If the {priority} argument is not specified, the default priority is 10. The priority of 'hlsearch' is zero, hence all matches with a priority greater than zero will overrule it. Syntax highlighting (see 'syntax') is a separate mechanism, and regardless of the chosen priority a match will always overrule syntax highlighting. The optional {id} argument allows the request for a specific match ID. If a specified ID is already taken, an error message will appear and the match will not be added. An ID is specified as a positive integer (zero excluded). IDs 1, 2 and 3 are reserved for |:match|, |:2match| and |:3match|, respectively. If the {id} argument is not specified or -1, |matchadd()| automatically chooses a free ID. The optional {dict} argument allows for further custom values. Currently this is used to specify a match specific conceal character that will be shown for |hl-Conceal| highlighted matches. The dict can have the following members: conceal Special character to show instead of the match (only for |hl-Conceal| highlighted matches, see |:syn-cchar|) window Instead of the current window use the window with this number or window ID. The number of matches is not limited, as it is the case with the |:match| commands. Example: :highlight MyGroup ctermbg=green guibg=green :let m = matchadd("MyGroup", "TODO") Deletion of the pattern: :call matchdelete(m) A list of matches defined by |matchadd()| and |:match| are available from |getmatches()|. All matches can be deleted in one operation by |clearmatches()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetGroup()->matchadd('TODO')

Same as |matchadd()|, but requires a list of positions {pos} instead of a pattern. This command is faster than |matchadd()| because it does not require to handle regular expressions and sets buffer line boundaries to redraw screen. It is supposed to be used when fast match additions and deletions are required, for example to highlight matching parentheses. {pos} is a list of positions. Each position can be one of these:

• A number. This whole line will be highlighted. The first line has number 1.
• A list with one number, e.g., [23]. The whole line with this number will be highlighted.
• A list with two numbers, e.g., [23, 11]. The first number is the line number, the second one is the column number (first column is 1, the value must correspond to the byte index as |col()| would return). The character at this position will be highlighted.
• A list with three numbers, e.g., [23, 11, 3]. As above, but the third number gives the length of the highlight in bytes. The maximum number of positions in {pos} is 8. Example: :highlight MyGroup ctermbg=green guibg=green :let m = matchaddpos("MyGroup", [[23, 24], 34]) Deletion of the pattern: :call matchdelete(m) Matches added by |matchaddpos()| are returned by |getmatches()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetGroup()->matchaddpos([23, 11])

Selects the {nr} match item, as set with a |:match|, |:2match| or |:3match| command. Return a |List| with two elements: The name of the highlight group used The pattern used. When {nr} is not 1, 2 or 3 returns an empty |List|. When there is no match item set returns ['', '']. This is useful to save and restore a |:match|. Highlighting matches using the |:match| commands are limited to three matches. |matchadd()| does not have this limitation. Can also be used as a |method|: GetMatch()->matcharg()

Deletes a match with ID {id} previously defined by |matchadd()| or one of the |:match| commands. Returns 0 if successful, otherwise -1. See example for |matchadd()|. All matches can be deleted in one operation by |clearmatches()|. If {win} is specified, use the window with this number or window ID instead of the current window. Can also be used as a |method|: GetMatch()->matchdelete()

Same as |match()|, but return the index of first character after the match. Example: :echo matchend("testing", "ing") results in "7". Vim doesn't have a strspn() or strcspn() function, but you can do it with matchend(): :let span = matchend(line, '[a-zA-Z]') :let span = matchend(line, '[^a-zA-Z]') Except that -1 is returned when there are no matches. The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 2) results in "7". :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 5) result is "-1". When {expr} is a |List| the result is equal to |match()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->matchend('word')

Same as |match()|, but return a |List|. The first item in the list is the matched string, same as what matchstr() would return. Following items are submatches, like "\1", "\2", etc. in |:substitute|. When an optional submatch didn't match an empty string is used. Example: echo matchlist('acd', '(a)?(b)?(c)?(.*)') Results in: ['acd', 'a', '', 'c', 'd', '', '', '', '', ''] When there is no match an empty list is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetList()->matchlist('word')

Same as |match()|, but return the matched string. Example: :echo matchstr("testing", "ing") results in "ing". When there is no match "" is returned. The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. :echo matchstr("testing", "ing", 2) results in "ing". :echo matchstr("testing", "ing", 5) result is "". When {expr} is a |List| then the matching item is returned. The type isn't changed, it's not necessarily a String. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->matchstr('word')

Same as |matchstr()|, but return the matched string, the start position and the end position of the match. Example: :echo matchstrpos("testing", "ing") results in ["ing", 4, 7]. When there is no match ["", -1, -1] is returned. The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. :echo matchstrpos("testing", "ing", 2) results in ["ing", 4, 7]. :echo matchstrpos("testing", "ing", 5) result is ["", -1, -1]. When {expr} is a |List| then the matching item, the index of first item where {pat} matches, the start position and the end position of the match are returned. :echo matchstrpos([1, '__x'], '\a') result is ["x", 1, 2, 3]. The type isn't changed, it's not necessarily a String. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->matchstrpos('word')

Return the maximum value of all items in {expr}. Example: echo max([apples, pears, oranges]) {expr} can be a |List| or a |Dictionary|. For a Dictionary, it returns the maximum of all values in the Dictionary. If {expr} is neither a List nor a Dictionary, or one of the items in {expr} cannot be used as a Number this results in an error. An empty |List| or |Dictionary| results in zero. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->max()

echo min([apples, pears, oranges]) {expr} can be a |List| or a |Dictionary|. For a Dictionary, it returns the minimum of all values in the Dictionary. If {expr} is neither a List nor a Dictionary, or one of the items in {expr} cannot be used as a Number this results in an error. An empty |List| or |Dictionary| results in zero. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->min()

Create directory {name}. If {path} is "p" then intermediate directories are created as necessary. Otherwise it must be "". If {prot} is given it is used to set the protection bits of the new directory. The default is 0o755 (rwxr-xr-x: r/w for the user, readable for others). Use 0o700 to make it unreadable for others. This is only used for the last part of {name}. Thus if you create /tmp/foo/bar then /tmp/foo will be created with 0o755. Example: :call mkdir($HOME . "/tmp/foo/bar", "p", 0o700) This function is not available in the |sandbox|. There is no error if the directory already exists and the "p" flag is passed (since patch 8.0.1708). However, without the "p" option the call will fail. The function result is a Number, which is TRUE if the call was successful or FALSE if the directory creation failed or partly failed. Not available on all systems. To check use: :if exists("*mkdir") Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->mkdir()

Return a string that indicates the current mode. If [expr] is supplied and it evaluates to a non-zero Number or a non-empty String (|non-zero-arg|), then the full mode is returned, otherwise only the first letter is returned. Also see |state()|. n Normal, Terminal-Normal no Operator-pending nov Operator-pending (forced characterwise |o_v|) noV Operator-pending (forced linewise |o_V|) noCTRL-V Operator-pending (forced blockwise |o_CTRL-V|); CTRL-V is one character niI Normal using |i_CTRL-O| in |Insert-mode| niR Normal using |i_CTRL-O| in |Replace-mode| niV Normal using |i_CTRL-O| in |Virtual-Replace-mode| v Visual by character V Visual by line CTRL-V Visual blockwise s Select by character S Select by line CTRL-S Select blockwise i Insert ic Insert mode completion |compl-generic| ix Insert mode |i_CTRL-X| completion R Replace |R| Rc Replace mode completion |compl-generic| Rv Virtual Replace |gR| Rx Replace mode |i_CTRL-X| completion c Command-line editing cv Vim Ex mode |gQ| ce Normal Ex mode |Q| r Hit-enter prompt rm The -- more -- prompt r? A |:confirm| query of some sort ! Shell or external command is executing t Terminal-Job mode: keys go to the job This is useful in the 'statusline' option or when used with |remote_expr()| In most other places it always returns "c" or "n". Note that in the future more modes and more specific modes may be added. It's better not to compare the whole string but only the leading character(s). Also see |visualmode()|. Can also be used as a |method|: DoFull()->mode()

Return the line number of the first line at or below {lnum} that is not blank. Example: if getline(nextnonblank(1)) =~ "Java" When {lnum} is invalid or there is no non-blank line at or below it, zero is returned. See also |prevnonblank()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->nextnonblank()

Return a string with a single character, which has the number value {expr}. Examples: nr2char(64) returns "@" nr2char(32) returns " " When {utf8} is omitted or zero, the current 'encoding' is used. Example for "utf-8": nr2char(300) returns I with bow character With {utf8} set to 1, always return utf-8 characters. Note that a NUL character in the file is specified with nr2char(10), because NULs are represented with newline characters. nr2char(0) is a real NUL and terminates the string, thus results in an empty string. To turn a list of character numbers into a string: let list = [65, 66, 67] let str = join(map(list, {_, val -> nr2char(val)}), '') Result: "ABC" Can also be used as a |method|: GetNumber()->nr2char()

Bitwise OR on the two arguments. The arguments are converted to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. Example: :let bits = or(bits, 0x80) Can also be used as a |method|: :let bits = bits->or(0x80)

Shorten directory names in the path {expr} and return the result. The tail, the file name, is kept as-is. The other components in the path are reduced to {len} letters in length. If {len} is omitted or smaller than 1 then 1 is used (single letters). Leading '' and '.' characters are kept. Examples: :echo pathshorten('/.vim/autoload/myfile.vim') /.v/a/myfile.vim ~ :echo pathshorten('/.vim/autoload/myfile.vim', 2) ~/.vi/au/myfile.vim ~ It doesn't matter if the path exists or not. Can also be used as a |method|: GetDirectories()->pathshorten()

Evaluate Perl expression {expr} in scalar context and return its result converted to Vim data structures. If value can't be converted, it is returned as a string Perl representation. Note: If you want an array or hash, {expr} must return a reference to it. Example: :echo perleval('[1 .. 4]') [1, 2, 3, 4] Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->perleval() {only available when compiled with the |+perl| feature}

Return the power of {x} to the exponent {y} as a |Float|. {x} and {y} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo pow(3, 3) 27.0 :echo pow(2, 16) 65536.0 :echo pow(32, 0.20) 2.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->pow(3) {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the line number of the first line at or above {lnum} that is not blank. Example: let ind = indent(prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1)) When {lnum} is invalid or there is no non-blank line at or above it, zero is returned. Also see |nextnonblank()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetLnum()->prevnonblank()

Return a String with {fmt}, where "%" items are replaced by the formatted form of their respective arguments. Example: printf("%4d: E%d %.30s", lnum, errno, msg) May result in: " 99: E42 asdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfas" ~ When used as a |method| the base is passed as the second argument: Compute()->printf("result: %d") Often used items are: %s string %6S string right-aligned in 6 display cells %6s string right-aligned in 6 bytes %.9s string truncated to 9 bytes %c single byte %d decimal number %5d decimal number padded with spaces to 5 characters %x hex number %04x hex number padded with zeros to at least 4 characters %X hex number using upper case letters %o octal number %08b binary number padded with zeros to at least 8 chars %f floating point number as 12.23, inf, -inf or nan %F floating point number as 12.23, INF, -INF or NAN %e floating point number as 1.23e3, inf, -inf or nan %E floating point number as 1.23E3, INF, -INF or NAN %g floating point number, as %f or %e depending on value %G floating point number, as %F or %E depending on value %% the % character itself Conversion specifications start with '%' and end with the conversion type. All other characters are copied unchanged to the result. The "%" starts a conversion specification. The following arguments appear in sequence: % [flags] [field-width] [.precision] type flags Zero or more of the following flags: # The value should be converted to an "alternate form". For c, d, and s conversions, this option has no effect. For o conversions, the precision of the number is increased to force the first character of the output string to a zero (except if a zero value is printed with an explicit precision of zero). For b and B conversions, a non-zero result has the string "0b" (or "0B" for B conversions) prepended to it. For x and X conversions, a non-zero result has the string "0x" (or "0X" for X conversions) prepended to it. 0 (zero) Zero padding. For all conversions the converted value is padded on the left with zeros rather than blanks. If a precision is given with a numeric conversion (d, b, B, o, x, and X), the 0 flag is ignored. - A negative field width flag; the converted value is to be left adjusted on the field boundary. The converted value is padded on the right with blanks, rather than on the left with blanks or zeros. A - overrides a 0 if both are given. ' ' (space) A blank should be left before a positive number produced by a signed conversion (d). + A sign must always be placed before a number produced by a signed conversion. A + overrides a space if both are used. field-width An optional decimal digit string specifying a minimum field width. If the converted value has fewer bytes than the field width, it will be padded with spaces on the left (or right, if the left-adjustment flag has been given) to fill out the field width. .precision An optional precision, in the form of a period '.' followed by an optional digit string. If the digit string is omitted, the precision is taken as zero. This gives the minimum number of digits to appear for d, o, x, and X conversions, or the maximum number of bytes to be printed from a string for s conversions. For floating point it is the number of digits after the decimal point. type A character that specifies the type of conversion to be applied, see below. A field width or precision, or both, may be indicated by an asterisk '*' instead of a digit string. In this case, a Number argument supplies the field width or precision. A negative field width is treated as a left adjustment flag followed by a positive field width; a negative precision is treated as though it were missing. Example: :echo printf("%d: %.*s", nr, width, line) This limits the length of the text used from "line" to "width" bytes. The conversion specifiers and their meanings are: dbBoxX The Number argument is converted to signed decimal (d), unsigned binary (b and B), unsigned octal (o), or unsigned hexadecimal (x and X) notation. The letters "abcdef" are used for x conversions; the letters "ABCDEF" are used for X conversions. The precision, if any, gives the minimum number of digits that must appear; if the converted value requires fewer digits, it is padded on the left with zeros. In no case does a non-existent or small field width cause truncation of a numeric field; if the result of a conversion is wider than the field width, the field is expanded to contain the conversion result. The 'h' modifier indicates the argument is 16 bits. The 'l' modifier indicates the argument is 32 bits. The 'L' modifier indicates the argument is 64 bits. Generally, these modifiers are not useful. They are ignored when type is known from the argument. i alias for d D alias for ld U alias for lu O alias for lo c The Number argument is converted to a byte, and the resulting character is written. s The text of the String argument is used. If a precision is specified, no more bytes than the number specified are used. If the argument is not a String type, it is automatically converted to text with the same format as ":echo". S The text of the String argument is used. If a precision is specified, no more display cells than the number specified are used. f F The Float argument is converted into a string of the form 123.456. The precision specifies the number of digits after the decimal point. When the precision is zero the decimal point is omitted. When the precision is not specified 6 is used. A really big number (out of range or dividing by zero) results in "inf" or "-inf" with %f (INF or -INF with %F). "0.0 / 0.0" results in "nan" with %f (NAN with %F). Example: echo printf("%.2f", 12.115) 12.12 Note that roundoff depends on the system libraries. Use |round()| when in doubt. e E The Float argument is converted into a string of the form 1.234e+03 or 1.234E+03 when using 'E'. The precision specifies the number of digits after the decimal point, like with 'f'. g G The Float argument is converted like with 'f' if the value is between 0.001 (inclusive) and 10000000.0 (exclusive). Otherwise 'e' is used for 'g' and 'E' for 'G'. When no precision is specified superfluous zeroes and '+' signs are removed, except for the zero immediately after the decimal point. Thus 10000000.0 results in 1.0e7. % A '%' is written. No argument is converted. The complete conversion specification is "%%". When a Number argument is expected a String argument is also accepted and automatically converted. When a Float or String argument is expected a Number argument is also accepted and automatically converted. Any other argument type results in an error message. The number of {exprN} arguments must exactly match the number of "%" items. If there are not sufficient or too many arguments an error is given. Up to 18 arguments can be used.

Returns the effective prompt text for buffer {buf}. {buf} can be a buffer name or number. See |prompt-buffer|. If the buffer doesn't exist or isn't a prompt buffer, an empty string is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBuffer()->prompt_getprompt()

Set prompt callback for buffer {buf} to {expr}. When {expr} is an empty string the callback is removed. This has only effect if {buf} has 'buftype' set to "prompt". The callback is invoked when pressing Enter. The current buffer will always be the prompt buffer. A new line for a prompt is added before invoking the callback, thus the prompt for which the callback was invoked will be in the last but one line. If the callback wants to add text to the buffer, it must insert it above the last line, since that is where the current prompt is. This can also be done asynchronously. The callback is invoked with one argument, which is the text that was entered at the prompt. This can be an empty string if the user only typed Enter. Example: call prompt_setcallback(bufnr(), function('s:TextEntered')) func s:TextEntered(text) if a:text == 'exit' || a:text == 'quit' stopinsert close else call append(line('$') - 1, 'Entered: "' . a:text . '"') " Reset 'modified' to allow the buffer to be closed. set nomodified endif endfunc Can also be used as a |method|: GetBuffer()->prompt_setcallback(callback)

Set a callback for buffer {buf} to {expr}. When {expr} is an empty string the callback is removed. This has only effect if {buf} has 'buftype' set to "prompt". This callback will be invoked when pressing CTRL-C in Insert mode. Without setting a callback Vim will exit Insert mode, as in any buffer. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBuffer()->prompt_setinterrupt(callback)

Set prompt for buffer {buf} to {text}. You most likely want {text} to end in a space. The result is only visible if {buf} has 'buftype' set to "prompt". Example: call prompt_setprompt(bufnr(), 'command: ') Can also be used as a |method|: GetBuffer()->prompt_setprompt('command: ')

If the popup menu (see |ins-completion-menu|) is not visible, returns an empty |Dictionary|, otherwise, returns a |Dictionary| with the following keys: height nr of items visible width screen cells row top screen row (0 first row) col leftmost screen column (0 first col) size total nr of items scrollbar |TRUE| if scrollbar is visible The values are the same as in |v:event| during |CompleteChanged|.

Returns non-zero when the popup menu is visible, zero otherwise. See |ins-completion-menu|. This can be used to avoid some things that would remove the popup menu.

Evaluate Python expression {expr} and return its result converted to Vim data structures. Numbers and strings are returned as they are (strings are copied though, Unicode strings are additionally converted to 'encoding'). Lists are represented as Vim |List| type. Dictionaries are represented as Vim |Dictionary| type with keys converted to strings. Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->py3eval() {only available when compiled with the |+python3| feature}

Evaluate Python expression {expr} and return its result converted to Vim data structures. Numbers and strings are returned as they are (strings are copied though). Lists are represented as Vim |List| type. Dictionaries are represented as Vim |Dictionary| type, non-string keys result in error. Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->pyeval() {only available when compiled with the |+python| feature}

Evaluate Python expression {expr} and return its result converted to Vim data structures. Uses Python 2 or 3, see |python_x| and 'pyxversion'. See also: |pyeval()|, |py3eval()| Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->pyxeval() {only available when compiled with the |+python| or the |+python3| feature}

Returns a |List| with Numbers:

• If only {expr} is specified: [0, 1, ..., {expr} - 1]
• If {max} is specified: [{expr}, {expr} + 1, ..., {max}]
• If {stride} is specified: [{expr}, {expr} + {stride}, ..., {max}] (increasing {expr} with {stride} each time, not producing a value past {max}). When the maximum is one before the start the result is an empty list. When the maximum is more than one before the start this is an error. Examples: range(4) " [0, 1, 2, 3] range(2, 4) " [2, 3, 4] range(2, 9, 3) " [2, 5, 8] range(2, -2, -1) " [2, 1, 0, -1, -2] range(0) " [] range(2, 0) " error! Can also be used as a |method|: GetExpr()->range()

Return a list with file and directory names in {directory}. You can also use |glob()| if you don't need to do complicated things, such as limiting the number of matches. The list will be sorted (case sensitive), see the {dict} argument below for changing the sort order. When {expr} is omitted all entries are included. When {expr} is given, it is evaluated to check what to do: If {expr} results in -1 then no further entries will be handled. If {expr} results in 0 then this entry will not be added to the list. If {expr} results in 1 then this entry will be added to the list. The entries "." and ".." are always excluded. Each time {expr} is evaluated |v:val| is set to the entry name. When {expr} is a function the name is passed as the argument. For example, to get a list of files ending in ".txt": readdir(dirname, {n -> n =~ '.txt$'}) To skip hidden and backup files: readdir(dirname, {n -> n !~ '^.|~$'}) The optional {dict} argument allows for further custom values. Currently this is used to specify if and how sorting should be performed. The dict can have the following members: sort How to sort the result returned from the system. Valid values are: "none" do not sort (fastest method) "case" sort case sensitive (byte value of each character, technically, using strcmp()) (default) "icase" sort case insensitive (technically using strcasecmp()) "collate" sort using the collation order of the "POSIX" or "C" |locale| (technically using strcoll()) Other values are silently ignored. For example, to get a list of all files in the current directory without sorting the individual entries: readdir('.', '1', #{sort: 'none'}) If you want to get a directory tree: function! s:tree(dir) return {a:dir : map(readdir(a:dir), \ {_, x -> isdirectory(x) ? \ {x : s:tree(a:dir . '/' . x)} : x})} endfunction echo s:tree(".") Can also be used as a |method|: GetDirName()->readdir()

Read file {fname} and return a |List|, each line of the file as an item. Lines are broken at NL characters. Macintosh files separated with CR will result in a single long line (unless a NL appears somewhere). All NUL characters are replaced with a NL character. When {type} contains "b" binary mode is used:

• When the last line ends in a NL an extra empty list item is added.
• No CR characters are removed. Otherwise:
• CR characters that appear before a NL are removed.
• Whether the last line ends in a NL or not does not matter.
• When 'encoding' is Unicode any UTF-8 byte order mark is removed from the text. When {max} is given this specifies the maximum number of lines to be read. Useful if you only want to check the first ten lines of a file: :for line in readfile(fname, '', 10) : if line =~ 'Date' | echo line | endif :endfor When {max} is negative -{max} lines from the end of the file are returned, or as many as there are. When {max} is zero the result is an empty list. Note that without {max} the whole file is read into memory. Also note that there is no recognition of encoding. Read a file into a buffer if you need to. Deprecated (use |readblob()| instead): When {type} contains "B" a |Blob| is returned with the binary data of the file unmodified. When the file can't be opened an error message is given and the result is an empty list. Also see |writefile()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetFileName()->readfile()

Returns the single letter name of the register being executed. Returns an empty string when no register is being executed. See |@|.

Returns the single letter name of the register being recorded. Returns an empty string when not recording. See |q|.

Return an item that represents a time value. The item is a list with items that depend on the system. In Vim 9 script list can be used. The item can be passed to |reltimestr()| to convert it to a string or |reltimefloat()| to convert to a Float. Without an argument reltime() returns the current time. With one argument is returns the time passed since the time specified in the argument. With two arguments it returns the time passed between {start} and {end}. The {start} and {end} arguments must be values returned by reltime(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetStart()->reltime() {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature}

Return a Float that represents the time value of {time}. Example: let start = reltime() call MyFunction() let seconds = reltimefloat(reltime(start)) See the note of reltimestr() about overhead. Also see |profiling|. Can also be used as a |method|: reltime(start)->reltimefloat() {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature}

Return a String that represents the time value of {time}. This is the number of seconds, a dot and the number of microseconds. Example: let start = reltime() call MyFunction() echo reltimestr(reltime(start)) Note that overhead for the commands will be added to the time. The accuracy depends on the system. Leading spaces are used to make the string align nicely. You can use split() to remove it. echo split(reltimestr(reltime(start)))[0] Also see |profiling|. Can also be used as a |method|: reltime(start)->reltimestr() {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature}

Send the {string} to {server}. The string is sent as an expression and the result is returned after evaluation. The result must be a String or a |List|. A |List| is turned into a String by joining the items with a line break in between (not at the end), like with join(expr, "\n"). If {idvar} is present and not empty, it is taken as the name of a variable and a {serverid} for later use with |remote_read()| is stored there. If {timeout} is given the read times out after this many seconds. Otherwise a timeout of 600 seconds is used. See also |clientserver| |RemoteReply|. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} Note: Any errors will cause a local error message to be issued and the result will be the empty string. Variables will be evaluated in the global namespace, independent of a function currently being active. Except when in debug mode, then local function variables and arguments can be evaluated. Examples: :echo remote_expr("gvim", "2+2") :echo remote_expr("gvim1", "b:current_syntax") Can also be used as a |method|: ServerName()->remote_expr(expr)

Move the Vim server with the name {server} to the foreground. This works like: remote_expr({server}, "foreground()") Except that on Win32 systems the client does the work, to work around the problem that the OS doesn't always allow the server to bring itself to the foreground. Note: This does not restore the window if it was minimized, like foreground() does. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. Can also be used as a |method|: ServerName()->remote_foreground() {only in the Win32, Athena, Motif and GTK GUI versions and the Win32 console version}

Returns a positive number if there are available strings from {serverid}. Copies any reply string into the variable {retvar} if specified. {retvar} must be a string with the name of a variable. Returns zero if none are available. Returns -1 if something is wrong. See also |clientserver|. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} Examples: :let repl = "" :echo "PEEK: ".remote_peek(id, "repl").": ".repl Can also be used as a |method|: ServerId()->remote_peek()

Return the oldest available reply from {serverid} and consume it. Unless a {timeout} in seconds is given, it blocks until a reply is available. See also |clientserver|. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} Example: :echo remote_read(id) Can also be used as a |method|: ServerId()->remote_read()

Send the {string} to {server}. The string is sent as input keys and the function returns immediately. At the Vim server the keys are not mapped |:map|. If {idvar} is present, it is taken as the name of a variable and a {serverid} for later use with remote_read() is stored there. See also |clientserver| |RemoteReply|. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} Note: Any errors will be reported in the server and may mess up the display. Examples: :echo remote_send("gvim", ":DropAndReply ".file, "serverid"). \ remote_read(serverid) :autocmd NONE RemoteReply * \ echo remote_read(expand("")) :echo remote_send("gvim", ":sleep 10 | echo ". \ 'server2client(expand(""), "HELLO")') Can also be used as a |method|: ServerName()->remote_send(keys)

Become the server {name}. This fails if already running as a server, when |v:servername| is not empty. Can also be used as a |method|: ServerName()->remote_startserver() {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature}

Without {end}: Remove the item at {idx} from |List| {list} and return the item. With {end}: Remove items from {idx} to {end} (inclusive) and return a |List| with these items. When {idx} points to the same item as {end} a list with one item is returned. When {end} points to an item before {idx} this is an error. See |list-index| for possible values of {idx} and {end}. Example: :echo "last item: " . remove(mylist, -1) :call remove(mylist, 0, 9) Use |delete()| to remove a file. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->remove(idx)

Rename the file by the name {from} to the name {to}. This should also work to move files across file systems. The result is a Number, which is 0 if the file was renamed successfully, and non-zero when the renaming failed. NOTE: If {to} exists it is overwritten without warning. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetOldName()->rename(newname)

Repeat {expr} {count} times and return the concatenated result. Example: :let separator = repeat('-', 80) When {count} is zero or negative the result is empty. When {expr} is a |List| the result is {expr} concatenated {count} times. Example: :let longlist = repeat(['a', 'b'], 3) Results in ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'a', 'b']. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->repeat(count)

On MS-Windows, when {filename} is a shortcut (a .lnk file), returns the path the shortcut points to in a simplified form. When {filename} is a symbolic link or junction point, return the full path to the target. If the target of junction is removed, return {filename}. On Unix, repeat resolving symbolic links in all path components of {filename} and return the simplified result. To cope with link cycles, resolving of symbolic links is stopped after 100 iterations. On other systems, return the simplified {filename}. The simplification step is done as by |simplify()|. resolve() keeps a leading path component specifying the current directory (provided the result is still a relative path name) and also keeps a trailing path separator. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->resolve()

Reverse the order of items in {object} in-place. {object} can be a |List| or a |Blob|. Returns {object}. If you want an object to remain unmodified make a copy first: :let revlist = reverse(copy(mylist)) Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->reverse()

Round off {expr} to the nearest integral value and return it as a |Float|. If {expr} lies halfway between two integral values, then use the larger one (away from zero). {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: echo round(0.456) 0.0 echo round(4.5) 5.0 echo round(-4.5) -5.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->round() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Evaluate Ruby expression {expr} and return its result converted to Vim data structures. Numbers, floats and strings are returned as they are (strings are copied though). Arrays are represented as Vim |List| type. Hashes are represented as Vim |Dictionary| type. Other objects are represented as strings resulted from their "Object#to_s" method. Can also be used as a |method|: GetRubyExpr()->rubyeval() {only available when compiled with the |+ruby| feature}

Like |screenchar()|, but return the attribute. This is a rather arbitrary number that can only be used to compare to the attribute at other positions. Can also be used as a |method|: GetRow()->screenattr(col)

The result is a Number, which is the character at position [row, col] on the screen. This works for every possible screen position, also status lines, window separators and the command line. The top left position is row one, column one The character excludes composing characters. For double-byte encodings it may only be the first byte. This is mainly to be used for testing. Returns -1 when row or col is out of range. Can also be used as a |method|: GetRow()->screenchar(col)

The result is a Number, which is the current screen column of the cursor. The leftmost column has number 1. This function is mainly used for testing. Note: Always returns the current screen column, thus if used in a command (e.g. ":echo screencol()") it will return the column inside the command line, which is 1 when the command is executed. To get the cursor position in the file use one of the following mappings: nnoremap GG ":echom ".screencol()."\n" nnoremap GG :echom screencol()<CR nnoremap GG echom screencol()<CR

The result is a Dict with the screen position of the text character in window {winid} at buffer line {lnum} and column {col}. {col} is a one-based byte index. The Dict has these members: row screen row col first screen column endcol last screen column curscol cursor screen column If the specified position is not visible, all values are zero. The "endcol" value differs from "col" when the character occupies more than one screen cell. E.g. for a Tab "col" can be 1 and "endcol" can be 8. The "curscol" value is where the cursor would be placed. For a Tab it would be the same as "endcol", while for a double width character it would be the same as "col". Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->screenpos(lnum, col)

The result is a Number, which is the current screen row of the cursor. The top line has number one. This function is mainly used for testing. Alternatively you can use |winline()|. Note: Same restrictions as with |screencol()|.

Search for regexp pattern {pattern}. The search starts at the cursor position (you can use |cursor()| to set it). When a match has been found its line number is returned. If there is no match a 0 is returned and the cursor doesn't move. No error message is given. {flags} is a String, which can contain these character flags: 'b' search Backward instead of forward 'c' accept a match at the Cursor position 'e' move to the End of the match 'n' do Not move the cursor 'p' return number of matching sub-Pattern (see below) 's' Set the ' mark at the previous location of the cursor 'w' Wrap around the end of the file 'W' don't Wrap around the end of the file 'z' start searching at the cursor column instead of zero If neither 'w' or 'W' is given, the 'wrapscan' option applies. If the 's' flag is supplied, the ' mark is set, only if the cursor is moved. The 's' flag cannot be combined with the 'n' flag. 'ignorecase', 'smartcase' and 'magic' are used. When the 'z' flag is not given, forward searching always starts in column zero and then matches before the cursor are skipped. When the 'c' flag is present in 'cpo' the next search starts after the match. Without the 'c' flag the next search starts one column further. This matters for overlapping matches. When searching backwards and the 'z' flag is given then the search starts in column zero, thus no match in the current line will be found (unless wrapping around the end of the file). When the {stopline} argument is given then the search stops after searching this line. This is useful to restrict the search to a range of lines. Examples: let match = search('(', 'b', line("w0")) let end = search('END', '', line("w$")) When {stopline} is used and it is not zero this also implies that the search does not wrap around the end of the file. A zero value is equal to not giving the argument. When the {timeout} argument is given the search stops when more than this many milliseconds have passed. Thus when {timeout} is 500 the search stops after half a second. The value must not be negative. A zero value is like not giving the argument. {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature} If the {skip} expression is given it is evaluated with the cursor positioned on the start of a match. If it evaluates to non-zero this match is skipped. This can be used, for example, to skip a match in a comment or a string. {skip} can be a string, which is evaluated as an expression, a function reference or a lambda. When {skip} is omitted or empty, every match is accepted. When evaluating {skip} causes an error the search is aborted and -1 returned. With the 'p' flag the returned value is one more than the first sub-match in (). One if none of them matched but the whole pattern did match. To get the column number too use |searchpos()|. The cursor will be positioned at the match, unless the 'n' flag is used. Example (goes over all files in the argument list): :let n = 1 :while n <= argc() " loop over all files in arglist : exe "argument " . n : " start at the last char in the file and wrap for the : " first search to find match at start of file : normal G$ : let flags = "w" : while search("foo", flags) > 0 : s/foo/bar/g : let flags = "W" : endwhile : update " write the file if modified : let n = n + 1 :endwhile Example for using some flags: :echo search('<if|(else)|(endif)', 'ncpe') This will search for the keywords "if", "else", and "endif" under or after the cursor. Because of the 'p' flag, it returns 1, 2, or 3 depending on which keyword is found, or 0 if the search fails. With the cursor on the first word of the line: if (foo == 0) | let foo = foo + 1 | endif ~ the function returns 1. Without the 'c' flag, the function finds the "endif" and returns 3. The same thing happens without the 'e' flag if the cursor is on the "f" of "if". The 'n' flag tells the function not to move the cursor. Can also be used as a |method|: GetPattern()->search()

Get or update the last search count, like what is displayed without the "S" flag in 'shortmess'. This works even if 'shortmess' does contain the "S" flag. This returns a |Dictionary|. The dictionary is empty if the previous pattern was not set and "pattern" was not specified. key type meaning ~ current |Number| current position of match; 0 if the cursor position is before the first match exact_match |Boolean| 1 if "current" is matched on "pos", otherwise 0 total |Number| total count of matches found incomplete |Number| 0: search was fully completed 1: recomputing was timed out 2: max count exceeded For {options} see further down. To get the last search count when |n| or |N| was pressed, call this function with recompute: 0 . This sometimes returns wrong information because |n| and |N|'s maximum count is 99. If it exceeded 99 the result must be max count + 1 (100). If you want to get correct information, specify recompute: 1: " result == maxcount + 1 (100) when many matches let result = searchcount(#{recompute: 0}) " Below returns correct result (recompute defaults " to 1) let result = searchcount() The function is useful to add the count to |statusline|: function! LastSearchCount() abort let result = searchcount(#{recompute: 0}) if empty(result) return '' endif if result.incomplete ==# 1 " timed out return printf(' /%s [?/??]', @/) elseif result.incomplete ==# 2 " max count exceeded if result.total > result.maxcount && \ result.current > result.maxcount return printf(' /%s [>%d/>%d]', @/, \ result.current, result.total) elseif result.total > result.maxcount return printf(' /%s [%d/>%d]', @/, \ result.current, result.total) endif endif return printf(' /%s [%d/%d]', @/, \ result.current, result.total) endfunction let &statusline .= '%{LastSearchCount()}' " Or if you want to show the count only when " 'hlsearch' was on " let &statusline .= " \ '%{v:hlsearch ? LastSearchCount() : ""}' You can also update the search count, which can be useful in a |CursorMoved| or |CursorMovedI| autocommand: autocmd CursorMoved,CursorMovedI * \ let s:searchcount_timer = timer_start( \ 200, function('s:update_searchcount')) function! s:update_searchcount(timer) abort if a:timer ==# s:searchcount_timer call searchcount(#{ \ recompute: 1, maxcount: 0, timeout: 100}) redrawstatus endif endfunction This can also be used to count matched texts with specified pattern in the current buffer using "pattern": " Count '<foo>' in this buffer " (Note that it also updates search count) let result = searchcount(#{pattern: '<foo>'}) " To restore old search count by old pattern, " search again call searchcount() {options} must be a |Dictionary|. It can contain: key type meaning ~ recompute |Boolean| if |TRUE|, recompute the count like |n| or |N| was executed. otherwise returns the last computed result (when |n| or |N| was used when "S" is not in 'shortmess', or this function was called). (default: |TRUE|) pattern |String| recompute if this was given and different with |@/|. this works as same as the below command is executed before calling this function let @/ = pattern (default: |@/|) timeout |Number| 0 or negative number is no timeout. timeout milliseconds for recomputing the result (default: 0) maxcount |Number| 0 or negative number is no limit. max count of matched text while recomputing the result. if search exceeded total count, "total" value becomes maxcount + 1 (default: 99) pos |List| [lnum, col, off] value when recomputing the result. this changes "current" result value. see |cursor()|, |getpos()| (default: cursor's position)

Search for the declaration of {name}. With a non-zero {global} argument it works like |gD|, find first match in the file. Otherwise it works like |gd|, find first match in the function. With a non-zero {thisblock} argument matches in a {} block that ends before the cursor position are ignored. Avoids finding variable declarations only valid in another scope. Moves the cursor to the found match. Returns zero for success, non-zero for failure. Example: if searchdecl('myvar') == 0 echo getline('.') endif Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->searchdecl()

Search for the match of a nested start-end pair. This can be used to find the "endif" that matches an "if", while other if/endif pairs in between are ignored. The search starts at the cursor. The default is to search forward, include 'b' in {flags} to search backward. If a match is found, the cursor is positioned at it and the line number is returned. If no match is found 0 or -1 is returned and the cursor doesn't move. No error message is given. {start}, {middle} and {end} are patterns, see |pattern|. They must not contain ( ) pairs. Use of %( ) is allowed. When {middle} is not empty, it is found when searching from either direction, but only when not in a nested start-end pair. A typical use is: searchpair('<if>', '<else>', '<endif>') By leaving {middle} empty the "else" is skipped. {flags} 'b', 'c', 'n', 's', 'w' and 'W' are used like with |search()|. Additionally: 'r' Repeat until no more matches found; will find the outer pair. Implies the 'W' flag. 'm' Return number of matches instead of line number with the match; will be > 1 when 'r' is used. Note: it's nearly always a good idea to use the 'W' flag, to avoid wrapping around the end of the file. When a match for {start}, {middle} or {end} is found, the {skip} expression is evaluated with the cursor positioned on the start of the match. It should return non-zero if this match is to be skipped. E.g., because it is inside a comment or a string. When {skip} is omitted or empty, every match is accepted. When evaluating {skip} causes an error the search is aborted and -1 returned. {skip} can be a string, a lambda, a funcref or a partial. Anything else makes the function fail. In a :def function when the {skip} argument is a string constant it is compiled into instructions. For {stopline} and {timeout} see |search()|. The value of 'ignorecase' is used. 'magic' is ignored, the patterns are used like it's on. The search starts exactly at the cursor. A match with {start}, {middle} or {end} at the next character, in the direction of searching, is the first one found. Example: if 1 if 2 endif 2 endif 1 When starting at the "if 2", with the cursor on the "i", and searching forwards, the "endif 2" is found. When starting on the character just before the "if 2", the "endif 1" will be found. That's because the "if 2" will be found first, and then this is considered to be a nested if/endif from "if 2" to "endif 2". When searching backwards and {end} is more than one character, it may be useful to put "\zs" at the end of the pattern, so that when the cursor is inside a match with the end it finds the matching start. Example, to find the "endif" command in a Vim script: :echo searchpair('<if>', '<el%[seif]>', '<en%[dif]>', 'W', \ 'getline(".") =~ "^\s*""') The cursor must be at or after the "if" for which a match is to be found. Note that single-quote strings are used to avoid having to double the backslashes. The skip expression only catches comments at the start of a line, not after a command. Also, a word "en" or "if" halfway a line is considered a match. Another example, to search for the matching "{" of a "}": :echo searchpair('{', '', '}', 'bW') This works when the cursor is at or before the "}" for which a match is to be found. To reject matches that syntax highlighting recognized as strings: :echo searchpair('{', '', '}', 'bW', \ 'synIDattr(synID(line("."), col("."), 0), "name") =~? "string"')

Same as |searchpair()|, but returns a |List| with the line and column position of the match. The first element of the |List| is the line number and the second element is the byte index of the column position of the match. If no match is found, returns [0, 0]. :let [lnum,col] = searchpairpos('{', '', '}', 'n') See |match-parens| for a bigger and more useful example.

Same as |search()|, but returns a |List| with the line and column position of the match. The first element of the |List| is the line number and the second element is the byte index of the column position of the match. If no match is found, returns [0, 0]. Example: :let [lnum, col] = searchpos('mypattern', 'n') When the 'p' flag is given then there is an extra item with the sub-pattern match number |search()-sub-match|. Example: :let [lnum, col, submatch] = searchpos('(\l)|(\u)', 'np') In this example "submatch" is 2 when a lowercase letter is found |/\l|, 3 when an uppercase letter is found |/\u|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetPattern()->searchpos()

Send a reply string to {clientid}. The most recent {clientid} that sent a string can be retrieved with expand(""). {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} Returns zero for success, -1 for failure. Note: This id has to be stored before the next command can be received. I.e. before returning from the received command and before calling any commands that waits for input. See also |clientserver|. Example: :echo server2client(expand(""), "HELLO") Can also be used as a |method|: GetClientId()->server2client(string)

Return a list of available server names, one per line. When there are no servers or the information is not available an empty string is returned. See also |clientserver|. {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} Example: :echo serverlist()

Set line {lnum} to {text} in buffer {expr}. To insert lines use |append()|.

Set option or local variable {varname} in buffer {expr} to {val}. This also works for a global or local window option, but it doesn't work for a global or local window variable. For a local window option the global value is unchanged. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. Note that the variable name without "b:" must be used. Examples: :call setbufvar(1, "&mod", 1) :call setbufvar("todo", "myvar", "foobar") This function is not available in the |sandbox|. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the third argument: GetValue()->setbufvar(buf, varname)

Set the current character search information to {dict}, which contains one or more of the following entries: char character which will be used for a subsequent |,| or |;| command; an empty string clears the character search forward direction of character search; 1 for forward, 0 for backward until type of character search; 1 for a |t| or |T| character search, 0 for an |f| or |F| character search This can be useful to save/restore a user's character search from a script: :let prevsearch = getcharsearch() :" Perform a command which clobbers user's search :call setcharsearch(prevsearch) Also see |getcharsearch()|. Can also be used as a |method|: SavedSearch()->setcharsearch()

Set the cursor position in the command line to byte position {pos}. The first position is 1. Use |getcmdpos()| to obtain the current position. Only works while editing the command line, thus you must use |c_CTRL-_e|, |c_CTRL-R_=| or |c_CTRL-R_CTRL-R| with '='. For |c_CTRL-_e| and |c_CTRL-R_CTRL-R| with '=' the position is set after the command line is set to the expression. For |c_CTRL-R_=| it is set after evaluating the expression but before inserting the resulting text. When the number is too big the cursor is put at the end of the line. A number smaller than one has undefined results. Returns FALSE when successful, TRUE when not editing the command line. Can also be used as a |method|: GetPos()->setcmdpos()

Set environment variable {name} to {val}. When {val} is |v:null| the environment variable is deleted. See also |expr-env|. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetPath()->setenv('PATH')

Set the file permissions for {fname} to {mode}. {mode} must be a string with 9 characters. It is of the form "rwxrwxrwx", where each group of "rwx" flags represent, in turn, the permissions of the owner of the file, the group the file belongs to, and other users. A '-' character means the permission is off, any other character means on. Multi-byte characters are not supported. For example "rw-r-----" means read-write for the user, readable by the group, not accessible by others. "xx-x-----" would do the same thing. Returns non-zero for success, zero for failure. Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->setfperm(mode) To read permissions see |getfperm()|.

Set line {lnum} of the current buffer to {text}. To insert lines use |append()|. To set lines in another buffer use |setbufline()|.

Create or replace or add to the location list for window {nr}. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {nr} is zero the current window is used. For a location list window, the displayed location list is modified. For an invalid window number {nr}, -1 is returned. Otherwise, same as |setqflist()|. Also see |location-list|. For {action} see |setqflist-action|. If the optional {what} dictionary argument is supplied, then only the items listed in {what} are set. Refer to |setqflist()| for the list of supported keys in {what}. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetLoclist()->setloclist(winnr)

Restores a list of matches saved by |getmatches()| for the current window. Returns 0 if successful, otherwise -1. All current matches are cleared before the list is restored. See example for |getmatches()|. If {win} is specified, use the window with this number or window ID instead of the current window. Can also be used as a |method|: GetMatches()->setmatches()

Set the position for {expr}. Possible values: . the cursor 'x mark x {list} must be a |List| with four or five numbers: [bufnum, lnum, col, off] [bufnum, lnum, col, off, curswant] "bufnum" is the buffer number. Zero can be used for the current buffer. When setting an uppercase mark "bufnum" is used for the mark position. For other marks it specifies the buffer to set the mark in. You can use the |bufnr()| function to turn a file name into a buffer number. For setting the cursor and the ' mark "bufnum" is ignored, since these are associated with a window, not a buffer. Does not change the jumplist. "lnum" and "col" are the position in the buffer. The first column is 1. Use a zero "lnum" to delete a mark. If "col" is smaller than 1 then 1 is used. The "off" number is only used when 'virtualedit' is set. Then it is the offset in screen columns from the start of the character. E.g., a position within a or after the last character. The "curswant" number is only used when setting the cursor position. It sets the preferred column for when moving the cursor vertically. When the "curswant" number is missing the preferred column is not set. When it is present and setting a mark position it is not used. Note that for '< and '> changing the line number may result in the marks to be effectively be swapped, so that '< is always before '>. Returns 0 when the position could be set, -1 otherwise. An error message is given if {expr} is invalid. Also see |getpos()| and |getcurpos()|. This does not restore the preferred column for moving vertically; if you set the cursor position with this, |j| and |k| motions will jump to previous columns! Use |cursor()| to also set the preferred column. Also see the "curswant" key in |winrestview()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetPosition()->setpos('.')

Create or replace or add to the quickfix list. If the optional {what} dictionary argument is supplied, then only the items listed in {what} are set. The first {list} argument is ignored. See below for the supported items in {what}. When {what} is not present, the items in {list} are used. Each item must be a dictionary. Non-dictionary items in {list} are ignored. Each dictionary item can contain the following entries: bufnr buffer number; must be the number of a valid buffer filename name of a file; only used when "bufnr" is not present or it is invalid. module name of a module; if given it will be used in quickfix error window instead of the filename. lnum line number in the file pattern search pattern used to locate the error col column number vcol when non-zero: "col" is visual column when zero: "col" is byte index nr error number text description of the error type single-character error type, 'E', 'W', etc. valid recognized error message The "col", "vcol", "nr", "type" and "text" entries are optional. Either "lnum" or "pattern" entry can be used to locate a matching error line. If the "filename" and "bufnr" entries are not present or neither the "lnum" or "pattern" entries are present, then the item will not be handled as an error line. If both "pattern" and "lnum" are present then "pattern" will be used. If the "valid" entry is not supplied, then the valid flag is set when "bufnr" is a valid buffer or "filename" exists. If you supply an empty {list}, the quickfix list will be cleared. Note that the list is not exactly the same as what |getqflist()| returns. {action} values: 'a' The items from {list} are added to the existing quickfix list. If there is no existing list, then a new list is created. 'r' The items from the current quickfix list are replaced with the items from {list}. This can also be used to clear the list: :call setqflist([], 'r') 'f' All the quickfix lists in the quickfix stack are freed. If {action} is not present or is set to ' ', then a new list is created. The new quickfix list is added after the current quickfix list in the stack and all the following lists are freed. To add a new quickfix list at the end of the stack, set "nr" in {what} to "$". The following items can be specified in dictionary {what}: context quickfix list context. See |quickfix-context| efm errorformat to use when parsing text from "lines". If this is not present, then the 'errorformat' option value is used. See |quickfix-parse| id quickfix list identifier |quickfix-ID| idx index of the current entry in the quickfix list specified by 'id' or 'nr'. If set to '$', then the last entry in the list is set as the current entry. See |quickfix-index| items list of quickfix entries. Same as the {list} argument. lines use 'errorformat' to parse a list of lines and add the resulting entries to the quickfix list {nr} or {id}. Only a |List| value is supported. See |quickfix-parse| nr list number in the quickfix stack; zero means the current quickfix list and "$" means the last quickfix list. quickfixtextfunc function to get the text to display in the quickfix window. The value can be the name of a function or a funcref or a lambda. Refer to |quickfix-window-function| for an explanation of how to write the function and an example. title quickfix list title text. See |quickfix-title| Unsupported keys in {what} are ignored. If the "nr" item is not present, then the current quickfix list is modified. When creating a new quickfix list, "nr" can be set to a value one greater than the quickfix stack size. When modifying a quickfix list, to guarantee that the correct list is modified, "id" should be used instead of "nr" to specify the list. Examples (See also |setqflist-examples|): :call setqflist([], 'r', {'title': 'My search'}) :call setqflist([], 'r', {'nr': 2, 'title': 'Errors'}) :call setqflist([], 'a', {'id':qfid, 'lines':["F1:10:L10"]}) Returns zero for success, -1 for failure. This function can be used to create a quickfix list independent of the 'errorformat' setting. Use a command like :cc 1 to jump to the first position. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetErrorlist()->setqflist()

Set the register {regname} to {value}. If {regname} is "" or "@", the unnamed register '"' is used. In |Vim9-script| {regname} must be one character. {value} may be any value returned by |getreg()| or |getreginfo()|, including a |List| or |Dict|. If {options} contains "a" or {regname} is upper case, then the value is appended. {options} can also contain a register type specification: "c" or "v" |characterwise| mode "l" or "V" |linewise| mode "b" or "" |blockwise-visual| mode If a number immediately follows "b" or "" then this is used as the width of the selection - if it is not specified then the width of the block is set to the number of characters in the longest line (counting a as 1 character). If {options} contains no register settings, then the default is to use character mode unless {value} ends in a for string {value} and linewise mode for list {value}. Blockwise mode is never selected automatically. Returns zero for success, non-zero for failure. Note: you may not use |List| containing more than one item to set search and expression registers. Lists containing no items act like empty strings. Examples: :call setreg(v:register, @) :call setreg('', @%, 'ac') :call setreg('a', "1\n2\n3", 'b5') :call setreg('"', { 'points_to': 'a'}) This example shows using the functions to save and restore a register: :let var_a = getreginfo() :call setreg('a', var_a) or: :let var_a = getreg('a', 1, 1) :let var_amode = getregtype('a') .... :call setreg('a', var_a, var_amode) Note: you may not reliably restore register value without using the third argument to |getreg()| as without it newlines are represented as newlines AND Nul bytes are represented as newlines as well, see |NL-used-for-Nul|. You can also change the type of a register by appending nothing: :call setreg('a', '', 'al') Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetText()->setreg('a')

Set tab-local variable {varname} to {val} in tab page {tabnr}. |t:var| Note that autocommands are blocked, side effects may not be triggered, e.g. when setting 'filetype'. Note that the variable name without "t:" must be used. Tabs are numbered starting with one. This function is not available in the |sandbox|. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the third argument: GetValue()->settabvar(tab, name)

Set option or local variable {varname} in window {winnr} to {val}. Tabs are numbered starting with one. For the current tabpage use |setwinvar()|. {winnr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {winnr} is zero the current window is used. Note that autocommands are blocked, side effects may not be triggered, e.g. when setting 'filetype' or 'syntax'. This also works for a global or local buffer option, but it doesn't work for a global or local buffer variable. For a local buffer option the global value is unchanged. Note that the variable name without "w:" must be used. Examples: :call settabwinvar(1, 1, "&list", 0) :call settabwinvar(3, 2, "myvar", "foobar") This function is not available in the |sandbox|. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the fourth argument: GetValue()->settabvar(tab, winnr, name)

Modify the tag stack of the window {nr} using {dict}. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. For a list of supported items in {dict}, refer to |gettagstack()|. "curidx" takes effect before changing the tag stack. How the tag stack is modified depends on the {action} argument:

• If {action} is not present or is set to 'r', then the tag stack is replaced.
• If {action} is set to 'a', then new entries from {dict} are pushed (added) onto the tag stack.
• If {action} is set to 't', then all the entries from the current entry in the tag stack or "curidx" in {dict} are removed and then new entries are pushed to the stack. The current index is set to one after the length of the tag stack after the modification. Returns zero for success, -1 for failure. Examples (for more examples see |tagstack-examples|): Empty the tag stack of window 3: call settagstack(3, {'items' : []}) Save and restore the tag stack: let stack = gettagstack(1003) " do something else call settagstack(1003, stack) unlet stack Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetStack()->settagstack(winnr)

Like |settabwinvar()| for the current tab page. Examples: :call setwinvar(1, "&list", 0) :call setwinvar(2, "myvar", "foobar") Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the third argument: GetValue()->setwinvar(winnr, name)

Returns a String with 64 hex characters, which is the SHA256 checksum of {string}. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->sha256() {only available when compiled with the |+cryptv| feature}

Escape {string} for use as a shell command argument. When the 'shell' contains powershell (MS-Windows) or pwsh (MS-Windows, Linux, and MacOS) then it will enclose {string} in single quotes and will double up all internal single quotes. On MS-Windows, when 'shellslash' is not set, it will enclose {string} in double quotes and double all double quotes within {string}. Otherwise it will enclose {string} in single quotes and replace all "'" with "'''". When the {special} argument is present and it's a non-zero Number or a non-empty String (|non-zero-arg|), then special items such as "!", "%", "#" and "" will be preceded by a backslash. This backslash will be removed again by the |:!| command. The "!" character will be escaped (again with a |non-zero-arg| {special}) when 'shell' contains "csh" in the tail. That is because for csh and tcsh "!" is used for history replacement even when inside single quotes. With a |non-zero-arg| {special} the character is also escaped. When 'shell' containing "csh" in the tail it's escaped a second time. Example of use with a |:!| command: :exe '!dir ' . shellescape(expand(''), 1) This results in a directory listing for the file under the cursor. Example of use with |system()|: :call system("chmod +w -- " . shellescape(expand("%"))) See also |::S|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetCommand()->shellescape()

Returns the effective value of 'shiftwidth'. This is the 'shiftwidth' value unless it is zero, in which case it is the 'tabstop' value. This function was introduced with patch 7.3.694 in 2012, everybody should have it by now (however it did not allow for the optional {col} argument until 8.1.542). When there is one argument {col} this is used as column number for which to return the 'shiftwidth' value. This matters for the 'vartabstop' feature. If the 'vartabstop' setting is enabled and no {col} argument is given, column 1 will be assumed. Can also be used as a |method|: GetColumn()->shiftwidth()

Simplify the file name as much as possible without changing the meaning. Shortcuts (on MS-Windows) or symbolic links (on Unix) are not resolved. If the first path component in {filename} designates the current directory, this will be valid for the result as well. A trailing path separator is not removed either. On Unix "//path" is unchanged, but "///path" is simplified to "/path" (this follows the Posix standard). Example: simplify("./dir/.././/file/") == "./file/" Note: The combination "dir/.." is only removed if "dir" is a searchable directory or does not exist. On Unix, it is also removed when "dir" is a symbolic link within the same directory. In order to resolve all the involved symbolic links before simplifying the path name, use |resolve()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetName()->simplify()

Return the sine of {expr}, measured in radians, as a |Float|. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo sin(100) -0.506366 :echo sin(-4.01) 0.763301 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->sin() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the hyperbolic sine of {expr} as a |Float| in the range [-inf, inf]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo sinh(0.5) 0.521095 :echo sinh(-0.9) -1.026517 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->sinh() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Sort the items in {list} in-place. Returns {list}. If you want a list to remain unmodified make a copy first: :let sortedlist = sort(copy(mylist)) When {func} is omitted, is empty or zero, then sort() uses the string representation of each item to sort on. Numbers sort after Strings, |Lists| after Numbers. For sorting text in the current buffer use |:sort|. When {func} is given and it is '1' or 'i' then case is ignored. When {func} is given and it is 'l' then the current collation locale is used for ordering. Implementation details: strcoll() is used to compare strings. See |:language| check or set the collation locale. |v:collate| can also be used to check the current locale. Sorting using the locale typically ignores case. Example: " ö is sorted similarly to o with English locale. :language collate en_US.UTF8 :echo sort(['n', 'o', 'O', 'ö', 'p', 'z'], 'l') ['n', 'o', 'O', 'ö', 'p', 'z'] ~ " ö is sorted after z with Swedish locale. :language collate sv_SE.UTF8 :echo sort(['n', 'o', 'O', 'ö', 'p', 'z'], 'l') ['n', 'o', 'O', 'p', 'z', 'ö'] ~ This does not work properly on Mac. When {func} is given and it is 'n' then all items will be sorted numerical (Implementation detail: this uses the strtod() function to parse numbers, Strings, Lists, Dicts and Funcrefs will be considered as being 0). When {func} is given and it is 'N' then all items will be sorted numerical. This is like 'n' but a string containing digits will be used as the number they represent. When {func} is given and it is 'f' then all items will be sorted numerical. All values must be a Number or a Float. When {func} is a |Funcref| or a function name, this function is called to compare items. The function is invoked with two items as argument and must return zero if they are equal, 1 or bigger if the first one sorts after the second one, -1 or smaller if the first one sorts before the second one. {dict} is for functions with the "dict" attribute. It will be used to set the local variable "self". |Dictionary-function| The sort is stable, items which compare equal (as number or as string) will keep their relative position. E.g., when sorting on numbers, text strings will sort next to each other, in the same order as they were originally. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->sort() Also see |uniq()|. Example: func MyCompare(i1, i2) return a:i1 == a:i2 ? 0 : a:i1 > a:i2 ? 1 : -1 endfunc let sortedlist = sort(mylist, "MyCompare") A shorter compare version for this specific simple case, which ignores overflow: func MyCompare(i1, i2) return a:i1 - a:i2 endfunc

Return the sound-folded equivalent of {word}. Uses the first language in 'spelllang' for the current window that supports soundfolding. 'spell' must be set. When no sound folding is possible the {word} is returned unmodified. This can be used for making spelling suggestions. Note that the method can be quite slow. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWord()->soundfold()

Without argument: The result is the badly spelled word under or after the cursor. The cursor is moved to the start of the bad word. When no bad word is found in the cursor line the result is an empty string and the cursor doesn't move. With argument: The result is the first word in {sentence} that is badly spelled. If there are no spelling mistakes the result is an empty string. The return value is a list with two items:

• The badly spelled word or an empty string.
• The type of the spelling error: "bad" spelling mistake "rare" rare word "local" word only valid in another region "caps" word should start with Capital Example: echo spellbadword("the quik brown fox") ['quik', 'bad'] ~ The spelling information for the current window and the value of 'spelllang' are used. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->spellbadword()

Return a |List| with spelling suggestions to replace {word}. When {max} is given up to this number of suggestions are returned. Otherwise up to 25 suggestions are returned. When the {capital} argument is given and it's non-zero only suggestions with a leading capital will be given. Use this after a match with 'spellcapcheck'. {word} can be a badly spelled word followed by other text. This allows for joining two words that were split. The suggestions also include the following text, thus you can replace a line. {word} may also be a good word. Similar words will then be returned. {word} itself is not included in the suggestions, although it may appear capitalized. The spelling information for the current window is used. The values of 'spelllang' and 'spellsuggest' are used. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWord()->spellsuggest()

Make a |List| out of {expr}. When {pattern} is omitted or empty each white-separated sequence of characters becomes an item. Otherwise the string is split where {pattern} matches, removing the matched characters. 'ignorecase' is not used here, add \c to ignore case. |/\c| When the first or last item is empty it is omitted, unless the {keepempty} argument is given and it's non-zero. Other empty items are kept when {pattern} matches at least one character or when {keepempty} is non-zero. Example: :let words = split(getline('.'), '\W+') To split a string in individual characters: :for c in split(mystring, '\zs') If you want to keep the separator you can also use '\zs' at the end of the pattern: :echo split('abc:def:ghi', ':\zs') ['abc:', 'def:', 'ghi'] ~ Splitting a table where the first element can be empty: :let items = split(line, ':', 1) The opposite function is |join()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetString()->split()

Return the non-negative square root of Float {expr} as a |Float|. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. When {expr} is negative the result is NaN (Not a Number). Examples: :echo sqrt(100) 10.0 :echo sqrt(-4.01) nan "nan" may be different, it depends on system libraries. Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->sqrt() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Convert String {expr} to a Float. This mostly works the same as when using a floating point number in an expression, see |floating-point-format|. But it's a bit more permissive. E.g., "1e40" is accepted, while in an expression you need to write "1.0e40". The hexadecimal form "0x123" is also accepted, but not others, like binary or octal. Text after the number is silently ignored. The decimal point is always '.', no matter what the locale is set to. A comma ends the number: "12,345.67" is converted to 12.0. You can strip out thousands separators with |substitute()|: let f = str2float(substitute(text, ',', '', 'g')) Can also be used as a |method|: let f = text->substitute(',', '', 'g')->str2float() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return a list containing the number values which represent each character in String {expr}. Examples: str2list(" ") returns [32] str2list("ABC") returns [65, 66, 67] |list2str()| does the opposite. When {utf8} is omitted or zero, the current 'encoding' is used. With {utf8} set to 1, always treat the String as utf-8 characters. With utf-8 composing characters are handled properly: str2list("á") returns [97, 769] Can also be used as a |method|: GetString()->str2list()

Convert string {expr} to a number. {base} is the conversion base, it can be 2, 8, 10 or 16. When {quoted} is present and non-zero then embedded single quotes are ignored, thus "1'000'000" is a million. When {base} is omitted base 10 is used. This also means that a leading zero doesn't cause octal conversion to be used, as with the default String to Number conversion. Example: let nr = str2nr('0123') When {base} is 16 a leading "0x" or "0X" is ignored. With a different base the result will be zero. Similarly, when {base} is 8 a leading "0", "0o" or "0O" is ignored, and when {base} is 2 a leading "0b" or "0B" is ignored. Text after the number is silently ignored. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->str2nr()

Vim doesn't have a strcasestr() function. But you can add "\c" to the pattern to ignore case: :let idx = match(haystack, '\cneedle') If {start} is given, the search starts from byte index {start} in a String or item {start} in a |List|. The result, however, is still the index counted from the first character/item. Example: :echo match("testing", "ing", 2) result is again "4". :echo match("testing", "ing", 4) result is again "4". :echo match("testing", "t", 2) result is "3". For a String, if {start} > 0 then it is like the string starts {start} bytes later, thus "^" will match at {start}. Except when {count} is given, then it's like matches before the {start} byte are ignored (this is a bit complicated to keep it backwards compatible). For a String, if {start} < 0, it will be set to 0. For a list the index is counted from the end. If {start} is out of range ({start} > strlen({expr}) for a String or {start} > len({expr}) for a |List|) -1 is returned. When {count} is given use the {count}'th match. When a match is found in a String the search for the next one starts one character further. Thus this example results in 1: echo match("testing", "..", 0, 2) In a |List| the search continues in the next item. Note that when {count} is added the way {start} works changes, see above. See |pattern| for the patterns that are accepted. The 'ignorecase' option is used to set the ignore-caseness of the pattern. 'smartcase' is NOT used. The matching is always done like 'magic' is set and 'cpoptions' is empty. Note that a match at the start is preferred, thus when the pattern is using "*" (any number of matches) it tends to find zero matches at the start instead of a number of matches further down in the text. Can also be used as a |method|: GetList()->match('word')

Like |strpart()| but using character index and length instead of byte index and length. When {skipcc} is omitted or zero, composing characters are counted separately. When {skipcc} set to 1, Composing characters are ignored, similar to |slice()|. When a character index is used where a character does not exist it is omitted and counted as one character. For example: strcharpart('abc', -1, 2) results in 'a'. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->strcharpart(5)

The result is a Number, which is the number of characters in String {expr}. When {skipcc} is omitted or zero, composing characters are counted separately. When {skipcc} set to 1, Composing characters are ignored. |strcharlen()| always does this. Also see |strlen()|, |strdisplaywidth()| and |strwidth()|. {skipcc} is only available after 7.4.755. For backward compatibility, you can define a wrapper function: if has("patch-7.4.755") function s:strchars(str, skipcc) return strchars(a:str, a:skipcc) endfunction else function s:strchars(str, skipcc) if a:skipcc return strlen(substitute(a:str, ".", "x", "g")) else return strchars(a:str) endif endfunction endif Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->strchars()

stridx() works similar to the C function strstr(). When used with a single character it works similar to strchr(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetHaystack()->stridx(needle)

do it with matchend(): :let span = matchend(line, '[a-zA-Z]') :let span = matchend(line, '[^a-zA-Z]') Except that -1 is returned when there are no matches. The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 2) results in "7". :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 5) result is "-1". When {expr} is a |List| the result is equal to |match()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->matchend('word')

The result is a Number, which is the number of display cells String {expr} occupies on the screen when it starts at {col} (first column is zero). When {col} is omitted zero is used. Otherwise it is the screen column where to start. This matters for Tab characters. The option settings of the current window are used. This matters for anything that's displayed differently, such as 'tabstop' and 'display'. When {expr} contains characters with East Asian Width Class Ambiguous, this function's return value depends on 'ambiwidth'. Also see |strlen()|, |strwidth()| and |strchars()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->strdisplaywidth()

The result is a String, which is a formatted date and time, as specified by the {format} string. The given {time} is used, or the current time if no time is given. The accepted {format} depends on your system, thus this is not portable! See the manual page of the C function strftime() for the format. The maximum length of the result is 80 characters. See also |localtime()|, |getftime()| and |strptime()|. The language can be changed with the |:language| command. Examples: :echo strftime("%c") Sun Apr 27 11:49:23 1997 :echo strftime("%Y %b %d %X") 1997 Apr 27 11:53:25 :echo strftime("%y%m%d %T") 970427 11:53:55 :echo strftime("%H:%M") 11:55 :echo strftime("%c", getftime("file.c")) Show mod time of file.c. Not available on all systems. To check use: :if exists("*strftime") Can also be used as a |method|: GetFormat()->strftime()

Get character {index} from {str}. This uses a character index, not a byte index. Composing characters are considered separate characters here. Also see |strcharpart()| and |strchars()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->strgetchar(5)

The result is a Number, which gives the byte index in {haystack} of the first occurrence of the String {needle}. If {start} is specified, the search starts at index {start}. This can be used to find a second match: :let colon1 = stridx(line, ":") :let colon2 = stridx(line, ":", colon1 + 1) The search is done case-sensitive. For pattern searches use |match()|. -1 is returned if the {needle} does not occur in {haystack}. See also |strridx()|. Examples: :echo stridx("An Example", "Example") 3 :echo stridx("Starting point", "Start") 0 :echo stridx("Starting point", "start") -1 stridx() works similar to the C function strstr(). When used with a single character it works similar to strchr(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetHaystack()->stridx(needle)

Return {expr} converted to a String. If {expr} is a Number, Float, String, Blob or a composition of them, then the result can be parsed back with |eval()|. {expr} type result ~ String 'string' (single quotes are doubled) Number 123 Float 123.123456 or 1.123456e8 Funcref function('name') Blob 0z00112233.44556677.8899 List [item, item] Dictionary {key: value, key: value} When a |List| or |Dictionary| has a recursive reference it is replaced by "[...]" or "{...}". Using eval() on the result will then fail. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->string() Also see |strtrans()|.

The result is a Number, which is the length of the String {expr} in bytes. If the argument is a Number it is first converted to a String. For other types an error is given. If you want to count the number of multibyte characters use |strchars()|. Also see |len()|, |strdisplaywidth()| and |strwidth()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetString()->strlen()

The result is a String, which is part of {src}, starting from byte {start}, with the byte length {len}. When {chars} is present and TRUE then {len} is the number of characters positions (composing characters are not counted separately, thus "1" means one base character and any following composing characters). To count {start} as characters instead of bytes use |strcharpart()|. When bytes are selected which do not exist, this doesn't result in an error, the bytes are simply omitted. If {len} is missing, the copy continues from {start} till the end of the {src}. strpart("abcdefg", 3, 2) == "de" strpart("abcdefg", -2, 4) == "ab" strpart("abcdefg", 5, 4) == "fg" strpart("abcdefg", 3) == "defg" Note: To get the first character, {start} must be 0. For example, to get the character under the cursor: strpart(getline("."), col(".") - 1, 1, v:true) Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->strpart(5)

:let sepidx = match(line, '[.,;: \t]') Vim doesn't have a strcasestr() function. But you can add "\c" to the pattern to ignore case: :let idx = match(haystack, '\cneedle') If {start} is given, the search starts from byte index {start} in a String or item {start} in a |List|. The result, however, is still the index counted from the first character/item. Example: :echo match("testing", "ing", 2) result is again "4". :echo match("testing", "ing", 4) result is again "4". :echo match("testing", "t", 2) result is "3". For a String, if {start} > 0 then it is like the string starts {start} bytes later, thus "^" will match at {start}. Except when {count} is given, then it's like matches before the {start} byte are ignored (this is a bit complicated to keep it backwards compatible). For a String, if {start} < 0, it will be set to 0. For a list the index is counted from the end. If {start} is out of range ({start} > strlen({expr}) for a String or {start} > len({expr}) for a |List|) -1 is returned. When {count} is given use the {count}'th match. When a match is found in a String the search for the next one starts one character further. Thus this example results in 1: echo match("testing", "..", 0, 2) In a |List| the search continues in the next item. Note that when {count} is added the way {start} works changes, see above. See |pattern| for the patterns that are accepted. The 'ignorecase' option is used to set the ignore-caseness of the pattern. 'smartcase' is NOT used. The matching is always done like 'magic' is set and 'cpoptions' is empty. Note that a match at the start is preferred, thus when the pattern is using "*" (any number of matches) it tends to find zero matches at the start instead of a number of matches further down in the text. Can also be used as a |method|: GetList()->match('word')

The result is a Number, which is a unix timestamp representing the date and time in {timestring}, which is expected to match the format specified in {format}. The accepted {format} depends on your system, thus this is not portable! See the manual page of the C function strptime() for the format. Especially avoid "%c". The value of $TZ also matters. If the {timestring} cannot be parsed with {format} zero is returned. If you do not know the format of {timestring} you can try different {format} values until you get a non-zero result. See also |strftime()|. Examples: :echo strptime("%Y %b %d %X", "1997 Apr 27 11:49:23") 862156163 :echo strftime("%c", strptime("%y%m%d %T", "970427 11:53:55")) Sun Apr 27 11:53:55 1997 :echo strftime("%c", strptime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S", "19970427115355") + 3600) Sun Apr 27 12:53:55 1997 Not available on all systems. To check use: :if exists("*strptime")

When used with a single character it works similar to the C function strrchr(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetHaystack()->strridx(needle)

The result is a Number, which gives the byte index in {haystack} of the last occurrence of the String {needle}. When {start} is specified, matches beyond this index are ignored. This can be used to find a match before a previous match: :let lastcomma = strridx(line, ",") :let comma2 = strridx(line, ",", lastcomma - 1) The search is done case-sensitive. For pattern searches use |match()|. -1 is returned if the {needle} does not occur in {haystack}. If the {needle} is empty the length of {haystack} is returned. See also |stridx()|. Examples: :echo strridx("an angry armadillo", "an") 3 When used with a single character it works similar to the C function strrchr(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetHaystack()->strridx(needle)

do it with matchend(): :let span = matchend(line, '[a-zA-Z]') :let span = matchend(line, '[^a-zA-Z]') Except that -1 is returned when there are no matches. The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 2) results in "7". :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 5) result is "-1". When {expr} is a |List| the result is equal to |match()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->matchend('word')

stridx() works similar to the C function strstr(). When used with a single character it works similar to strchr(). Can also be used as a |method|: GetHaystack()->stridx(needle)

The result is a String, which is {expr} with all unprintable characters translated into printable characters |'isprint'|. Like they are shown in a window. Example: echo strtrans(@a) This displays a newline in register a as "^@" instead of starting a new line. Can also be used as a |method|: GetString()->strtrans()

The result is a Number, which is the number of display cells String {expr} occupies. A Tab character is counted as one cell, alternatively use |strdisplaywidth()|. When {expr} contains characters with East Asian Width Class Ambiguous, this function's return value depends on 'ambiwidth'. Also see |strlen()|, |strdisplaywidth()| and |strchars()|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetString()->strwidth()

Only for an expression in a |:substitute| command or substitute() function. Returns the {nr}'th submatch of the matched text. When {nr} is 0 the whole matched text is returned. Note that a NL in the string can stand for a line break of a multi-line match or a NUL character in the text. Also see |sub-replace-expression|. If {list} is present and non-zero then submatch() returns a list of strings, similar to |getline()| with two arguments. NL characters in the text represent NUL characters in the text. Only returns more than one item for |:substitute|, inside |substitute()| this list will always contain one or zero items, since there are no real line breaks. When substitute() is used recursively only the submatches in the current (deepest) call can be obtained. Examples: :s/\d+/=submatch(0) + 1/ :echo substitute(text, '\d+', '=submatch(0) + 1', '') This finds the first number in the line and adds one to it. A line break is included as a newline character. Can also be used as a |method|: GetNr()->submatch()

The result is a String, which is a copy of {expr}, in which the first match of {pat} is replaced with {sub}. When {flags} is "g", all matches of {pat} in {expr} are replaced. Otherwise {flags} should be "". This works like the ":substitute" command (without any flags). But the matching with {pat} is always done like the 'magic' option is set and 'cpoptions' is empty (to make scripts portable). 'ignorecase' is still relevant, use |/\c| or |/\C| if you want to ignore or match case and ignore 'ignorecase'. 'smartcase' is not used. See |string-match| for how {pat} is used. A "~" in {sub} is not replaced with the previous {sub}. Note that some codes in {sub} have a special meaning |sub-replace-special|. For example, to replace something with "\n" (two characters), use "\\n" or '\n'. When {pat} does not match in {expr}, {expr} is returned unmodified. Example: :let &path = substitute(&path, ",\=[^,]$", "", "") This removes the last component of the 'path' option. :echo substitute("testing", ".", "\U\0", "") results in "TESTING". When {sub} starts with "=", the remainder is interpreted as an expression. See |sub-replace-expression|. Example: :echo substitute(s, '%(\x\x)', \ '=nr2char("0x" . submatch(1))', 'g') When {sub} is a Funcref that function is called, with one optional argument. Example: :echo substitute(s, '%(\x\x)', SubNr, 'g') The optional argument is a list which contains the whole matched string and up to nine submatches, like what |submatch()| returns. Example: :echo substitute(s, '%(\x\x)', {m -> '0x' . m[1]}, 'g') Can also be used as a |method|: GetString()->substitute(pat, sub, flags)

The result is a dictionary, which holds information about the swapfile {fname}. The available fields are: version Vim version user user name host host name fname original file name pid PID of the Vim process that created the swap file mtime last modification time in seconds inode Optional: INODE number of the file dirty 1 if file was modified, 0 if not Note that "user" and "host" are truncated to at most 39 bytes. In case of failure an "error" item is added with the reason: Cannot open file: file not found or in accessible Cannot read file: cannot read first block Not a swap file: does not contain correct block ID Magic number mismatch: Info in first block is invalid Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->swapinfo()

The result is the swap file path of the buffer {expr}. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. If buffer {expr} is the current buffer, the result is equal to |:swapname| (unless there is no swap file). If buffer {expr} has no swap file, returns an empty string. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBufname()->swapname()

The result is a |List| with currently three items:

1. The first item in the list is 0 if the character at the position {lnum} and {col} is not part of a concealable region, 1 if it is.
2. The second item in the list is a string. If the first item is 1, the second item contains the text which will be displayed in place of the concealed text, depending on the current setting of 'conceallevel' and 'listchars'.
3. The third and final item in the list is a number representing the specific syntax region matched in the line. When the character is not concealed the value is zero. This allows detection of the beginning of a new concealable region if there are two consecutive regions with the same replacement character. For an example, if the text is "123456" and both "23" and "45" are concealed and replaced by the character "X", then: call returns ~ synconcealed(lnum, 1) [0, '', 0] synconcealed(lnum, 2) [1, 'X', 1] synconcealed(lnum, 3) [1, 'X', 1] synconcealed(lnum, 4) [1, 'X', 2] synconcealed(lnum, 5) [1, 'X', 2] synconcealed(lnum, 6) [0, '', 0]

The result is a Number, which is the syntax ID at the position {lnum} and {col} in the current window. The syntax ID can be used with |synIDattr()| and |synIDtrans()| to obtain syntax information about text. {col} is 1 for the leftmost column, {lnum} is 1 for the first line. 'synmaxcol' applies, in a longer line zero is returned. Note that when the position is after the last character, that's where the cursor can be in Insert mode, synID() returns zero. When {trans} is |TRUE|, transparent items are reduced to the item that they reveal. This is useful when wanting to know the effective color. When {trans} is |FALSE|, the transparent item is returned. This is useful when wanting to know which syntax item is effective (e.g. inside parens). Warning: This function can be very slow. Best speed is obtained by going through the file in forward direction. Example (echoes the name of the syntax item under the cursor): :echo synIDattr(synID(line("."), col("."), 1), "name")

The result is a String, which is the {what} attribute of syntax ID {synID}. This can be used to obtain information about a syntax item. {mode} can be "gui", "cterm" or "term", to get the attributes for that mode. When {mode} is omitted, or an invalid value is used, the attributes for the currently active highlighting are used (GUI, cterm or term). Use synIDtrans() to follow linked highlight groups. {what} result "name" the name of the syntax item "fg" foreground color (GUI: color name used to set the color, cterm: color number as a string, term: empty string) "bg" background color (as with "fg") "font" font name (only available in the GUI) |highlight-font| "sp" special color for the GUI (as with "fg") |highlight-guisp| "ul" underline color for cterm: number as a string "fg#" like "fg", but for the GUI and the GUI is running the name in "#RRGGBB" form "bg#" like "fg#" for "bg" "sp#" like "fg#" for "sp" "bold" "1" if bold "italic" "1" if italic "reverse" "1" if reverse "inverse" "1" if inverse (= reverse) "standout" "1" if standout "underline" "1" if underlined "undercurl" "1" if undercurled "strike" "1" if strikethrough Example (echoes the color of the syntax item under the cursor): :echo synIDattr(synIDtrans(synID(line("."), col("."), 1)), "fg") Can also be used as a |method|: :echo synID(line("."), col("."), 1)->synIDtrans()->synIDattr("fg")

The result is a Number, which is the translated syntax ID of {synID}. This is the syntax group ID of what is being used to highlight the character. Highlight links given with ":highlight link" are followed. Can also be used as a |method|: :echo synID(line("."), col("."), 1)->synIDtrans()->synIDattr("fg")

Return a |List|, which is the stack of syntax items at the position {lnum} and {col} in the current window. Each item in the List is an ID like what |synID()| returns. The first item in the List is the outer region, following are items contained in that one. The last one is what |synID()| returns, unless not the whole item is highlighted or it is a transparent item. This function is useful for debugging a syntax file. Example that shows the syntax stack under the cursor: for id in synstack(line("."), col(".")) echo synIDattr(id, "name") endfor When the position specified with {lnum} and {col} is invalid nothing is returned. The position just after the last character in a line and the first column in an empty line are valid positions.

Get the output of the shell command {expr} as a string. See |systemlist()| to get the output as a |List|. When {input} is given and is a string this string is written to a file and passed as stdin to the command. The string is written as-is, you need to take care of using the correct line separators yourself. If {input} is given and is a |List| it is written to the file in a way |writefile()| does with {binary} set to "b" (i.e. with a newline between each list item with newlines inside list items converted to NULs). When {input} is given and is a number that is a valid id for an existing buffer then the content of the buffer is written to the file line by line, each line terminated by a NL and NULs characters where the text has a NL. Pipes are not used, the 'shelltemp' option is not used. When prepended by |:silent| the terminal will not be set to cooked mode. This is meant to be used for commands that do not need the user to type. It avoids stray characters showing up on the screen which require |CTRL-L| to remove. :silent let f = system('ls *.vim') Note: Use |shellescape()| or |::S| with |expand()| or |fnamemodify()| to escape special characters in a command argument. Newlines in {expr} may cause the command to fail. The characters in 'shellquote' and 'shellxquote' may also cause trouble. This is not to be used for interactive commands. The result is a String. Example: :let files = system("ls " . shellescape(expand('%:h'))) :let files = system('ls ' . expand('%:h:S')) To make the result more system-independent, the shell output is filtered to replace with for Macintosh, and with for DOS-like systems. To avoid the string being truncated at a NUL, all NUL characters are replaced with SOH (0x01). The command executed is constructed using several options: 'shell' 'shellcmdflag' 'shellxquote' {expr} 'shellredir' {tmp} 'shellxquote' ({tmp} is an automatically generated file name). For Unix, braces are put around {expr} to allow for concatenated commands. The command will be executed in "cooked" mode, so that a CTRL-C will interrupt the command (on Unix at least). The resulting error code can be found in |v:shell_error|. This function will fail in |restricted-mode|. Note that any wrong value in the options mentioned above may make the function fail. It has also been reported to fail when using a security agent application. Unlike ":!cmd" there is no automatic check for changed files. Use |:checktime| to force a check. Can also be used as a |method|: :echo GetCmd()->system()

Same as |system()|, but returns a |List| with lines (parts of output separated by NL) with NULs transformed into NLs. Output is the same as |readfile()| will output with {binary} argument set to "b", except that there is no extra empty item when the result ends in a NL. Note that on MS-Windows you may get trailing CR characters. To see the difference between "echo hello" and "echo -n hello" use |system()| and |split()|: echo system('echo hello')->split('\n', 1) Returns an empty string on error. Can also be used as a |method|: :echo GetCmd()->systemlist()

The result is a |List|, where each item is the number of the buffer associated with each window in the current tab page. {arg} specifies the number of the tab page to be used. When omitted the current tab page is used. When {arg} is invalid the number zero is returned. To get a list of all buffers in all tabs use this: let buflist = [] for i in range(tabpagenr('$')) call extend(buflist, tabpagebuflist(i + 1)) endfor Note that a buffer may appear in more than one window. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTabpage()->tabpagebuflist()

The result is a Number, which is the number of the current tab page. The first tab page has number 1. The optional argument {arg} supports the following values: $ the number of the last tab page (the tab page count). # the number of the last accessed tab page (where |g| goes to). if there is no previous tab page 0 is returned. The number can be used with the |:tab| command.

Like |winnr()| but for tab page {tabarg}. {tabarg} specifies the number of tab page to be used. {arg} is used like with |winnr()|:

• When omitted the current window number is returned. This is the window which will be used when going to this tab page.
• When "$" the number of windows is returned.
• When "#" the previous window nr is returned. Useful examples: tabpagewinnr(1) " current window of tab page 1 tabpagewinnr(4, '$') " number of windows in tab page 4 When {tabarg} is invalid zero is returned. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTabpage()->tabpagewinnr()

Returns a |List| with the file names used to search for tags for the current buffer. This is the 'tags' option expanded.

Returns a |List| of tags matching the regular expression {expr}. If {filename} is passed it is used to prioritize the results in the same way that |:tselect| does. See |tag-priority|. {filename} should be the full path of the file. Each list item is a dictionary with at least the following entries: name Name of the tag. filename Name of the file where the tag is defined. It is either relative to the current directory or a full path. cmd Ex command used to locate the tag in the file. kind Type of the tag. The value for this entry depends on the language specific kind values. Only available when using a tags file generated by Exuberant ctags or hdrtag. static A file specific tag. Refer to |static-tag| for more information. More entries may be present, depending on the content of the tags file: access, implementation, inherits and signature. Refer to the ctags documentation for information about these fields. For C code the fields "struct", "class" and "enum" may appear, they give the name of the entity the tag is contained in. The ex-command "cmd" can be either an ex search pattern, a line number or a line number followed by a byte number. If there are no matching tags, then an empty list is returned. To get an exact tag match, the anchors '^' and '$' should be used in {expr}. This also make the function work faster. Refer to |tag-regexp| for more information about the tag search regular expression pattern. Refer to |'tags'| for information about how the tags file is located by Vim. Refer to |tags-file-format| for the format of the tags file generated by the different ctags tools. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTagpattern()->taglist()

Return the tangent of {expr}, measured in radians, as a |Float| in the range [-inf, inf]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo tan(10) 0.648361 :echo tan(-4.01) -1.181502 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->tan() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

Return the hyperbolic tangent of {expr} as a |Float| in the range [-1, 1]. {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: :echo tanh(0.5) 0.462117 :echo tanh(-1) -0.761594 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->tanh() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

The result is a String, which is the name of a file that doesn't exist. It can be used for a temporary file. The name is different for at least 26 consecutive calls. Example: :let tmpfile = tempname() :exe "redir > " . tmpfile For Unix, the file will be in a private directory |tempfile|. For MS-Windows forward slashes are used when the 'shellslash' option is set, or when 'shellcmdflag' starts with '-' and 'shell' does not contain powershell or pwsh.

Return a list with information about timers. When {id} is given only information about this timer is returned. When timer {id} does not exist an empty list is returned. When {id} is omitted information about all timers is returned. For each timer the information is stored in a |Dictionary| with these items: "id" the timer ID "time" time the timer was started with "remaining" time until the timer fires "repeat" number of times the timer will still fire; -1 means forever "callback" the callback "paused" 1 if the timer is paused, 0 otherwise Can also be used as a |method|: GetTimer()->timer_info() {only available when compiled with the |+timers| feature}

Pause or unpause a timer. A paused timer does not invoke its callback when its time expires. Unpausing a timer may cause the callback to be invoked almost immediately if enough time has passed. Pausing a timer is useful to avoid the callback to be called for a short time. If {paused} evaluates to a non-zero Number or a non-empty String, then the timer is paused, otherwise it is unpaused. See |non-zero-arg|. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTimer()->timer_pause(1) {only available when compiled with the |+timers| feature}

Create a timer and return the timer ID. {time} is the waiting time in milliseconds. This is the minimum time before invoking the callback. When the system is busy or Vim is not waiting for input the time will be longer. {callback} is the function to call. It can be the name of a function or a |Funcref|. It is called with one argument, which is the timer ID. The callback is only invoked when Vim is waiting for input. If you want to show a message look at |popup_notification()| to avoid interfering with what the user is doing. {options} is a dictionary. Supported entries: "repeat" Number of times to repeat calling the callback. -1 means forever. When not present the callback will be called once. If the timer causes an error three times in a row the repeat is cancelled. This avoids that Vim becomes unusable because of all the error messages. Example: func MyHandler(timer) echo 'Handler called' endfunc let timer = timer_start(500, 'MyHandler', \ {'repeat': 3}) This will invoke MyHandler() three times at 500 msec intervals. Can also be used as a |method|: GetMsec()->timer_start(callback) Not available in the |sandbox|. {only available when compiled with the |+timers| feature}

Stop a timer. The timer callback will no longer be invoked. {timer} is an ID returned by timer_start(), thus it must be a Number. If {timer} does not exist there is no error. Can also be used as a |method|: GetTimer()->timer_stop() {only available when compiled with the |+timers| feature}

Stop all timers. The timer callbacks will no longer be invoked. Useful if a timer is misbehaving. If there are no timers there is no error. {only available when compiled with the |+timers| feature}

The result is a copy of the String given, with all uppercase characters turned into lowercase (just like applying |gu| to the string). Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->tolower()

The result is a copy of the String given, with all lowercase characters turned into uppercase (just like applying |gU| to the string). Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->toupper()

The result is a copy of the {src} string with all characters which appear in {fromstr} replaced by the character in that position in the {tostr} string. Thus the first character in {fromstr} is translated into the first character in {tostr} and so on. Exactly like the unix "tr" command. This code also deals with multibyte characters properly. Examples: echo tr("hello there", "ht", "HT") returns "Hello THere" echo tr("", "<>", "{}") returns "{blob}" Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->tr(from, to)

Return {text} as a String where any character in {mask} is removed from the beginning and/or end of {text}. If {mask} is not given, {mask} is all characters up to 0x20, which includes Tab, space, NL and CR, plus the non-breaking space character 0xa0. The optional {dir} argument specifies where to remove the characters: 0 remove from the beginning and end of {text} 1 remove only at the beginning of {text} 2 remove only at the end of {text} When omitted both ends are trimmed. This function deals with multibyte characters properly. Examples: echo trim(" some text ") returns "some text" echo trim(" \r\t\t\r RESERVE \t\n\x0B\xA0") . "_TAIL" returns "RESERVE_TAIL" echo trim("rm<Xrm<>X>rrm", "rm<>") returns "Xrm<>X" (characters in the middle are not removed) echo trim(" vim ", " ", 2) returns " vim" Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->trim()

Return the largest integral value with magnitude less than or equal to {expr} as a |Float| (truncate towards zero). {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. Examples: echo trunc(1.456) 1.0 echo trunc(-5.456) -5.0 echo trunc(4.0) 4.0 Can also be used as a |method|: Compute()->trunc() {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature}

The result is a Number representing the type of {expr}. Instead of using the number directly, it is better to use the v:t_ variable that has the value: Number: 0 |v:t_number| String: 1 |v:t_string| Funcref: 2 |v:t_func| List: 3 |v:t_list| Dictionary: 4 |v:t_dict| Float: 5 |v:t_float| Boolean: 6 |v:t_bool| (v:false and v:true) None: 7 |v:t_none| (v:null and v:none) Job: 8 |v:t_job| Channel: 9 |v:t_channel| Blob: 10 |v:t_blob| For backward compatibility, this method can be used: :if type(myvar) == type(0) :if type(myvar) == type("") :if type(myvar) == type(function("tr")) :if type(myvar) == type([]) :if type(myvar) == type({}) :if type(myvar) == type(0.0) :if type(myvar) == type(v:false) :if type(myvar) == type(v:none) To check if the v:t_ variables exist use this: :if exists('v:t_number') Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->type()

Return the name of the undo file that would be used for a file with name {name} when writing. This uses the 'undodir' option, finding directories that exist. It does not check if the undo file exists. {name} is always expanded to the full path, since that is what is used internally. If {name} is empty undofile() returns an empty string, since a buffer without a file name will not write an undo file. Useful in combination with |:wundo| and |:rundo|. When compiled without the |+persistent_undo| option this always returns an empty string. Can also be used as a |method|: GetFilename()->undofile()

Return the current state of the undo tree in a dictionary with the following items: "seq_last" The highest undo sequence number used. "seq_cur" The sequence number of the current position in the undo tree. This differs from "seq_last" when some changes were undone. "time_cur" Time last used for |:earlier| and related commands. Use |strftime()| to convert to something readable. "save_last" Number of the last file write. Zero when no write yet. "save_cur" Number of the current position in the undo tree. "synced" Non-zero when the last undo block was synced. This happens when waiting from input from the user. See |undo-blocks|. "entries" A list of dictionaries with information about undo blocks. The first item in the "entries" list is the oldest undo item. Each List item is a |Dictionary| with these items: "seq" Undo sequence number. Same as what appears in |:undolist|. "time" Timestamp when the change happened. Use |strftime()| to convert to something readable. "newhead" Only appears in the item that is the last one that was added. This marks the last change and where further changes will be added. "curhead" Only appears in the item that is the last one that was undone. This marks the current position in the undo tree, the block that will be used by a redo command. When nothing was undone after the last change this item will not appear anywhere. "save" Only appears on the last block before a file write. The number is the write count. The first write has number 1, the last one the "save_last" mentioned above. "alt" Alternate entry. This is again a List of undo blocks. Each item may again have an "alt" item.

Remove second and succeeding copies of repeated adjacent {list} items in-place. Returns {list}. If you want a list to remain unmodified make a copy first: :let newlist = uniq(copy(mylist)) The default compare function uses the string representation of each item. For the use of {func} and {dict} see |sort()|. Can also be used as a |method|: mylist->uniq()

Return a |List| with all the values of {dict}. The |List| is in arbitrary order. Also see |items()| and |keys()|. Can also be used as a |method|: mydict->values()

The result is a Number, which is the screen column of the file position given with {expr}. That is, the last screen position occupied by the character at that position, when the screen would be of unlimited width. When there is a at the position, the returned Number will be the column at the end of the . For example, for a in column 1, with 'ts' set to 8, it returns 8. |conceal| is ignored. For the byte position use |col()|. For the use of {expr} see |col()|. When 'virtualedit' is used {expr} can be [lnum, col, off], where "off" is the offset in screen columns from the start of the character. E.g., a position within a or after the last character. When "off" is omitted zero is used. When Virtual editing is active in the current mode, a position beyond the end of the line can be returned. |'virtualedit'| The accepted positions are: . the cursor position $ the end of the cursor line (the result is the number of displayed characters in the cursor line plus one) 'x position of mark x (if the mark is not set, 0 is returned) v In Visual mode: the start of the Visual area (the cursor is the end). When not in Visual mode returns the cursor position. Differs from |'<| in that it's updated right away. Note that only marks in the current file can be used. Examples: virtcol(".") with text "foo^Lbar", with cursor on the "^{L", returns 5 virtcol("$") with text "foo}Lbar", returns 9 virtcol("'t") with text " there", with 't at 'h', returns 6 The first column is 1. 0 is returned for an error. A more advanced example that echoes the maximum length of all lines: echo max(map(range(1, line('$')), "virtcol([v:val, '$'])")) Can also be used as a |method|: GetPos()->virtcol()

The result is a String, which describes the last Visual mode used in the current buffer. Initially it returns an empty string, but once Visual mode has been used, it returns "v", "V", or "" (a single CTRL-V character) for character-wise, line-wise, or block-wise Visual mode respectively. Example: :exe "normal " . visualmode() This enters the same Visual mode as before. It is also useful in scripts if you wish to act differently depending on the Visual mode that was used. If Visual mode is active, use |mode()| to get the Visual mode (e.g., in a |:vmap|). If {expr} is supplied and it evaluates to a non-zero Number or a non-empty String, then the Visual mode will be cleared and the old value is returned. See |non-zero-arg|.

Returns |TRUE| when the wildmenu is active and |FALSE| otherwise. See 'wildmenu' and 'wildmode'. This can be used in mappings to handle the 'wildcharm' option gracefully. (Makes only sense with |mapmode-c| mappings). For example to make work like in wildmode, use: :cnoremap wildmenumode() ? "<Down><Tab>" : "<c-j>" (Note, this needs the 'wildcharm' option set appropriately).

Like execute() but in the context of window {id}. The window will temporarily be made the current window, without triggering autocommands. When executing {command} autocommands will be triggered, this may have unexpected side effects. Use |:noautocmd| if needed. Example: call win_execute(winid, 'set syntax=python') Doing the same with setwinvar() would not trigger autocommands and not actually show syntax highlighting. Not all commands are allowed in popup windows. When window {id} does not exist then no error is given and an empty string is returned. Can also be used as a |method|, the base is passed as the second argument: GetCommand()->win_execute(winid)

Returns a |List| with |window-ID|s for windows that contain buffer {bufnr}. When there is none the list is empty. Can also be used as a |method|: GetBufnr()->win_findbuf()

Get the |window-ID| for the specified window. When {win} is missing use the current window. With {win} this is the window number. The top window has number 1. Without {tab} use the current tab, otherwise the tab with number {tab}. The first tab has number one. Return zero if the window cannot be found. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinnr()->win_getid()

Return the type of the window: "autocmd" autocommand window. Temporary window used to execute autocommands. "popup" popup window |popup| "preview" preview window |preview-window| "command" command-line window |cmdwin| (empty) normal window "unknown" window {nr} not found When {nr} is omitted return the type of the current window. When {nr} is given return the type of this window by number or |window-ID|. Also see the 'buftype' option. When running a terminal in a popup window then 'buftype' is "terminal" and win_gettype() returns "popup".

Go to window with ID {expr}. This may also change the current tabpage. Return TRUE if successful, FALSE if the window cannot be found. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->win_gotoid()

Return a list with the tab number and window number of window with ID {expr}: [tabnr, winnr]. Return [0, 0] if the window cannot be found. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->win_id2tabwin()

Return the window number of window with ID {expr}. Return 0 if the window cannot be found in the current tabpage. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->win_id2win()

Return the screen position of window {nr} as a list with two numbers: [row, col]. The first window always has position [1, 1], unless there is a tabline, then it is [2, 1]. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. Use zero for the current window. Return [0, 0] if the window cannot be found in the current tabpage. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->win_screenpos()

Move the window {nr} to a new split of the window {target}. This is similar to moving to {target}, creating a new window using |:split| but having the same contents as window {nr}, and then closing {nr}. Both {nr} and {target} can be window numbers or |window-ID|s. Both must be in the current tab page. Returns zero for success, non-zero for failure. {options} is a |Dictionary| with the following optional entries: "vertical" When TRUE, the split is created vertically, like with |:vsplit|. "rightbelow" When TRUE, the split is made below or to the right (if vertical). When FALSE, it is done above or to the left (if vertical). When not present, the values of 'splitbelow' and 'splitright' are used. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->win_splitmove(target)

The result is a Number, which is the number of the buffer associated with window {nr}. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {nr} is zero, the number of the buffer in the current window is returned. When window {nr} doesn't exist, -1 is returned. Example: :echo "The file in the current window is " . bufname(winbufnr(0)) Can also be used as a |method|: FindWindow()->winbufnr()->bufname()

The result is a Number, which is the virtual column of the cursor in the window. This is counting screen cells from the left side of the window. The leftmost column is one.

The result is a String. For MS-Windows it indicates the OS version. E.g, Windows 10 is "10.0", Windows 8 is "6.2", Windows XP is "5.1". For non-MS-Windows systems the result is an empty string.

The result is a Number, which is the height of window {nr}. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {nr} is zero, the height of the current window is returned. When window {nr} doesn't exist, -1 is returned. An existing window always has a height of zero or more. This excludes any window toolbar line. Examples: :echo "The current window has " . winheight(0) . " lines." Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->winheight()

The result is a nested List containing the layout of windows in a tabpage. Without {tabnr} use the current tabpage, otherwise the tabpage with number {tabnr}. If the tabpage {tabnr} is not found, returns an empty list. For a leaf window, it returns: ['leaf', {winid}] For horizontally split windows, which form a column, it returns: ['col', [{nested list of windows}]] For vertically split windows, which form a row, it returns: ['row', [{nested list of windows}]] Example: " Only one window in the tab page :echo winlayout() ['leaf', 1000] " Two horizontally split windows :echo winlayout() ['col', [['leaf', 1000], ['leaf', 1001]]] " The second tab page, with three horizontally split " windows, with two vertically split windows in the " middle window :echo winlayout(2) ['col', [['leaf', 1002], ['row', [['leaf', 1003], ['leaf', 1001]]], ['leaf', 1000]]] Can also be used as a |method|: GetTabnr()->winlayout()

The result is a Number, which is the screen line of the cursor in the window. This is counting screen lines from the top of the window. The first line is one. If the cursor was moved the view on the file will be updated first, this may cause a scroll.

The result is a Number, which is the number of the current window. The top window has number 1. Returns zero for a popup window. The optional argument {arg} supports the following values: $ the number of the last window (the window count). # the number of the last accessed window (where |CTRL-W_p| goes to). If there is no previous window or it is in another tab page 0 is returned. {N}j the number of the Nth window below the current window (where |CTRL-W_j| goes to). {N}k the number of the Nth window above the current window (where |CTRL-W_k| goes to). {N}h the number of the Nth window left of the current window (where |CTRL-W_h| goes to). {N}l the number of the Nth window right of the current window (where |CTRL-W_l| goes to). The number can be used with |CTRL-W_w| and ":wincmd w" |:wincmd|. Also see |tabpagewinnr()| and |win_getid()|. Examples: let window_count = winnr('$') let prev_window = winnr('#') let wnum = winnr('3k') Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinval()->winnr()

Returns a sequence of |:resize| commands that should restore the current window sizes. Only works properly when no windows are opened or closed and the current window and tab page is unchanged. Example: :let cmd = winrestcmd() :call MessWithWindowSizes() :exe cmd

Uses the |Dictionary| returned by |winsaveview()| to restore the view of the current window. Note: The {dict} does not have to contain all values, that are returned by |winsaveview()|. If values are missing, those settings won't be restored. So you can use: :call winrestview({'curswant': 4}) This will only set the curswant value (the column the cursor wants to move on vertical movements) of the cursor to column 5 (yes, that is 5), while all other settings will remain the same. This is useful, if you set the cursor position manually. If you have changed the values the result is unpredictable. If the window size changed the result won't be the same. Can also be used as a |method|: GetView()->winrestview()

Returns a |Dictionary| that contains information to restore the view of the current window. Use |winrestview()| to restore the view. This is useful if you have a mapping that jumps around in the buffer and you want to go back to the original view. This does not save fold information. Use the 'foldenable' option to temporarily switch off folding, so that folds are not opened when moving around. This may have side effects. The return value includes: lnum cursor line number col cursor column (Note: the first column zero, as opposed to what getpos() returns) coladd cursor column offset for 'virtualedit' curswant column for vertical movement topline first line in the window topfill filler lines, only in diff mode leftcol first column displayed; only used when 'wrap' is off skipcol columns skipped Note that no option values are saved.

The result is a Number, which is the width of window {nr}. {nr} can be the window number or the |window-ID|. When {nr} is zero, the width of the current window is returned. When window {nr} doesn't exist, -1 is returned. An existing window always has a width of zero or more. Examples: :echo "The current window has " . winwidth(0) . " columns." :if winwidth(0) <= 50 : 50 wincmd | :endif For getting the terminal or screen size, see the 'columns' option. Can also be used as a |method|: GetWinid()->winwidth()

The result is a dictionary of byte/chars/word statistics for the current buffer. This is the same info as provided by |g_CTRL-G| The return value includes: bytes Number of bytes in the buffer chars Number of chars in the buffer words Number of words in the buffer cursor_bytes Number of bytes before cursor position (not in Visual mode) cursor_chars Number of chars before cursor position (not in Visual mode) cursor_words Number of words before cursor position (not in Visual mode) visual_bytes Number of bytes visually selected (only in Visual mode) visual_chars Number of chars visually selected (only in Visual mode) visual_words Number of words visually selected (only in Visual mode)

When {object} is a |List| write it to file {fname}. Each list item is separated with a NL. Each list item must be a String or Number. When {flags} contains "b" then binary mode is used: There will not be a NL after the last list item. An empty item at the end does cause the last line in the file to end in a NL. When {object} is a |Blob| write the bytes to file {fname} unmodified. When {flags} contains "a" then append mode is used, lines are appended to the file: :call writefile(["foo"], "event.log", "a") :call writefile(["bar"], "event.log", "a") When {flags} contains "s" then fsync() is called after writing the file. This flushes the file to disk, if possible. This takes more time but avoids losing the file if the system crashes. When {flags} does not contain "S" or "s" then fsync() is called if the 'fsync' option is set. When {flags} contains "S" then fsync() is not called, even when 'fsync' is set. All NL characters are replaced with a NUL character. Inserting CR characters needs to be done before passing {list} to writefile(). An existing file is overwritten, if possible. When the write fails -1 is returned, otherwise 0. There is an error message if the file can't be created or when writing fails. Also see |readfile()|. To copy a file byte for byte: :let fl = readfile("foo", "b") :call writefile(fl, "foocopy", "b") Can also be used as a |method|: GetText()->writefile("thefile")

Bitwise XOR on the two arguments. The arguments are converted to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. Example: :let bits = xor(bits, 0x80) Can also be used as a |method|: :let bits = bits->xor(0x80)

Builtin completion

Type of getpos() or setpos() result.

Type of screenpos() result.