Returns an iterator producing all the numbers in the given range one by one, starting from start (default 0), as long as i < stop, in increments of step (default 1).

range(a) is a convenient shorthand for range(0, a).

Various valid invocations:

range(5)           // [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
range(2, 5)        // [2, 3, 4]
range(0, 5, 2)     // [0, 2, 4]
range(5, 0, -1)    // [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
range(-3)          // []

For a positive step, the iterator will keep producing values n as long as the stop condition n < stop is satisfied.

For a negative step, the iterator will keep producing values n as long as the stop condition n > stop is satisfied.

The produced range will be empty if the first value to produce already does not meet the value constraint.